महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-127, verse-12

स एष काममन्युभ्यां प्रलब्धो मोहमास्थितः ।
अशक्योऽद्य त्वया राजन्विनिवर्तयितुं बलात् ॥१२॥

12. sa eṣa kāmamanyubhyāṁ pralabdho mohamāsthitaḥ ,
aśakyo'dya tvayā rājanvinivartayituṁ balāt.

12. sa eṣa kāmamanyubhyām pralabdhaḥ moham āsthitaḥ
aśakyaḥ adya tvayā rājan vinivartayitum balāt

12. rājan kāmamanyubhyām pralabdhaḥ moham āsthitaḥ
saḥ eṣaḥ adya tvayā balāt vinivartayitum aśakyaḥ

12. He, deceived by desire (kāma) and anger (manyu), has fallen into delusion (moha). O king, it is not possible for you to turn him back by force today.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - He (referring to Duryodhana) (he, that)

• एष (eṣa) - this one (referring to Duryodhana) (this, this one)

• काममन्युभ्याम् (kāmamanyubhyām) - by (Duryodhana's) desire and anger (by desire and anger)

• प्रलब्धः (pralabdhaḥ) - deceived (by desire and anger) (deceived, deluded, cheated)

• मोहम् (moham) - delusion (the state he has fallen into) (delusion, confusion, infatuation)

• आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - fallen into, resorting to (delusion) (situated in, resorting to, taken up)

• अशक्यः (aśakyaḥ) - not possible (to turn him back) (impossible, not capable)

• अद्य (adya) - today (referring to the present time) (today, now)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (O king Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (by you)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

• विनिवर्तयितुम् (vinivartayitum) - to turn him back (from his delusion) (to turn back, to cause to desist, to dissuade)

• बलात् (balāt) - by force (by force, forcibly, violently)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - He (referring to Duryodhana) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एष (eṣa) - this one (referring to Duryodhana) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

काममन्युभ्याम् (kāmamanyubhyām) - by (Duryodhana's) desire and anger (by desire and anger)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of kāmamanyu

kāmamanyu - desire and anger

Dvanda compound of kāma and manyu

Compound type : dvandva (kāma+manyu)

• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• manyu – anger, wrath, passion
  noun (masculine)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Dual instrumental ending bhyām for a masculine dvandva compound.

प्रलब्धः (pralabdhaḥ) - deceived (by desire and anger) (deceived, deluded, cheated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pralabdha

pralabdha - deceived, deluded, cheated, outwitted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'labh' (to obtain) with prefix 'pra' (forth, away). Used here in the sense of being imposed upon or deceived.

Prefix: pra

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with sa eṣa.

मोहम् (moham) - delusion (the state he has fallen into) (delusion, confusion, infatuation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of moha

moha - delusion, confusion, infatuation, bewilderment

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Object of āsthitaḥ.

आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - fallen into, resorting to (delusion) (situated in, resorting to, taken up)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āsthita

āsthita - situated in, stood in, resorted to, adopted, fallen into

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'ā' (towards, upto)

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with sa eṣa.

अशक्यः (aśakyaḥ) - not possible (to turn him back) (impossible, not capable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśakya

aśakya - impossible, not capable, impracticable

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Negation 'a' + root 'śak' (to be able) + 'ya' suffix. Denotes 'not able to be done' or 'impossible'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śakya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• śakya – possible, capable, practicable, able to be done
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'śak' with 'ya' suffix
  Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Acts as predicate to the implied 'it' (the act of turning him back).

अद्य (adya) - today (referring to the present time) (today, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (O king Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent in passive construction (aśakyaḥ ... tvayā vinivartayitum).

राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Direct address to the king.

विनिवर्तयितुम् (vinivartayitum) - to turn him back (from his delusion) (to turn back, to cause to desist, to dissuade)

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of vinivartayitum

Infinitive

Infinitive form of the causative of root 'vṛt' (to turn) with prefixes 'vi' and 'ni'. Causative stem: nivartayati, then vinivartayati.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Functions as the purpose for which aśakyaḥ is stated.

बलात् (balāt) - by force (by force, forcibly, violently)

(indeclinable)

Note: Ablative case used adverbially.