महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-127, verse-22

न ह्यवश्येन्द्रियो राज्यमश्नीयाद्दीर्घमन्तरम् ।
विजितात्मा तु मेधावी स राज्यमभिपालयेत् ॥२२॥

22. na hyavaśyendriyo rājyamaśnīyāddīrghamantaram ,
vijitātmā tu medhāvī sa rājyamabhipālayet.

22. na hi avaśyendriyaḥ rājyam aśnīyāt dīrgham antaram
vijitātmā tu medhāvī saḥ rājyam abhipālayet

22. hi avaśyendriyaḥ rājyam dīrgham antaram na aśnīyāt
tu vijitātmā medhāvī saḥ rājyam abhipālayet

22. Indeed, a person whose senses are not controlled cannot rule a kingdom for a long duration. But, one who has conquered their self (ātman) and is intelligent, he should govern the kingdom.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• अवश्येन्द्रियः (avaśyendriyaḥ) - one whose senses are not subdued, one without control over senses

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, realm

• अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should rule (over) or enjoy (the kingdom) (should eat, should enjoy, should rule)

• दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - long, prolonged

• अन्तरम् (antaram) - long period/duration (interval, period, space, inner)

• विजितात्मा (vijitātmā) - one who has conquered their self (ātman), self-controlled

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• मेधावी (medhāvī) - intelligent, wise, sagacious

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the self-controlled and intelligent one) (he, that)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, realm

• अभिपालयेत् (abhipālayet) - should protect, should govern, should rule over

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

अवश्येन्द्रियः (avaśyendriyaḥ) - one whose senses are not subdued, one without control over senses

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avaśyendriya

avaśyendriya - one whose senses are not subdued, one without control over senses

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+vaśya+indriya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• vaśya – submissive, obedient, controllable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From root vaś (to wish, to control).
  Root: vaś (class 2)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty
  noun (neuter)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, realm

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, realm, sovereignty

अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should rule (over) or enjoy (the kingdom) (should eat, should enjoy, should rule)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of aś

Root: aś (class 9)

दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - long, prolonged

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dīrgha

dīrgha - long, extensive, deep

Note: Agrees with antaram in gender, number, and case.

अन्तरम् (antaram) - long period/duration (interval, period, space, inner)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of antara

antara - interval, period, interior, space, difference

विजितात्मा (vijitātmā) - one who has conquered their self (ātman), self-controlled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vijitātman

vijitātman - one who has conquered their self (ātman), self-controlled

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vijita+ātman)

• vijita – conquered, subdued, vanquished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root ji (to conquer) with prefix vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ji (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, the individual soul or universal spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

मेधावी (medhāvī) - intelligent, wise, sagacious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of medhāvin

medhāvin - intelligent, wise, sagacious, possessing intellect

Possessive adjective from medhā (intellect) + -vin suffix.

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the self-controlled and intelligent one) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, realm

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, realm, sovereignty

अभिपालयेत् (abhipālayet) - should protect, should govern, should rule over

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of abhipāl

Derived from root pāl (to protect) with prefix abhi.

Prefix: abhi

Root: pāl (class 10)