महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-127, verse-19

दुर्योधन निबोधेदं वचनं मम पुत्रक ।
हितं ते सानुबन्धस्य तथायत्यां सुखोदयम् ॥१९॥

19. duryodhana nibodhedaṁ vacanaṁ mama putraka ,
hitaṁ te sānubandhasya tathāyatyāṁ sukhodayam.

19. duryodhana nibodha idam vacanam mama putrakā hitam
te sa-anubandhasya tathā āyatyām sukha-udayam

19. duryodhana putrakā,
te sa-anubandhasya mama idam hitam tathā āyatyām sukha-udayam vacanam nibodha

19. O Duryodhana, my son, understand these beneficial words of mine, which are for you and your followers (sānubandha), and which will bring about happiness in the future.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - O Duryodhana

• निबोध (nibodha) - understand (understand, perceive, know, learn)

• इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, these)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - words, counsel (word, speech, command, counsel)

• मम (mama) - my (words) (my, mine)

• पुत्रका (putrakā) - O son (O son, dear son (vocative))

• हितम् (hitam) - beneficial (words) (beneficial, salutary, good for)

• ते (te) - for you, your (to you, for you, your)

• स-अनुबन्धस्य (sa-anubandhasya) - for you and your followers (of you with your followers/dependents)

• तथा (tathā) - and (also) (thus, so, also)

• आयत्याम् (āyatyām) - in the future (in the future, with reference to the future)

• सुख-उदयम् (sukha-udayam) - bringing about happiness (bringing forth happiness, causing happiness)

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - O Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dur+yodhana)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• yodhana – fighting, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root yudh (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)

निबोध (nibodha) - understand (understand, perceive, know, learn)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of ni-budh

imperative

Imperative 2nd singular active

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these, here

Note: Agrees with 'vacanam'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - words, counsel (word, speech, command, counsel)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, command, counsel

Root: vac (class 2)

मम (mama) - my (words) (my, mine)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

पुत्रका (putrakā) - O son (O son, dear son (vocative))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putraka

putraka - little son, dear son (diminutive/affectionate)

Diminutive form of putra

हितम् (hitam) - beneficial (words) (beneficial, salutary, good for)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, salutary, good for, placed, put

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā (to place, put) via a derivative form, often listed as hita directly. Or from hi (to send, urge).

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'vacanam'.

ते (te) - for you, your (to you, for you, your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you

Note: Here genitive, functioning possessively or datively (for you).

स-अनुबन्धस्य (sa-anubandhasya) - for you and your followers (of you with your followers/dependents)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sānubandha

sānubandha - having its consequences, with its attachments/followers, together with what follows

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+anubandha)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• anubandha – tie, bond, connection, sequence, consequence, follower
  noun (masculine)
  From root bandh (to bind) with prefix anu
  Prefix: anu
  Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'te' (genitive). Implies 'for you and those connected to you'.

तथा (tathā) - and (also) (thus, so, also)

(indeclinable)

आयत्याम् (āyatyām) - in the future (in the future, with reference to the future)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of āyati

āyati - future, coming, prospect

From root yam (to restrain) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: yam (class 1)

सुख-उदयम् (sukha-udayam) - bringing about happiness (bringing forth happiness, causing happiness)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukhodaya

sukhodaya - rise of happiness, bringing forth happiness

Compound type : tatpurusha (sukha+udaya)

• sukha – happiness, pleasure, ease
  noun (neuter)
• udaya – rising, origin, prosperity, success, increase
  noun (masculine)
  From root i (to go) with prefix ud
  Prefix: ud
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'vacanam'.