महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-63, verse-36

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
प्रवर्तमाने द्यूते तु मत्स्यः पाण्डवमब्रवीत् ।
पश्य पुत्रेण मे युद्धे तादृशाः कुरवो जिताः ॥३६॥

36. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
pravartamāne dyūte tu matsyaḥ pāṇḍavamabravīt ,
paśya putreṇa me yuddhe tādṛśāḥ kuravo jitāḥ.

36. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca | pravartamāne dyūte tu matsyaḥ pāṇḍavam
abravīt | paśya putreṇa me yuddhe tādṛśāḥ kuravaḥ jitāḥ

36. Vaiśampāyana said: While the game of dice was underway, King Virāṭa (Matsya) said to the Pāṇḍava (Yudhiṣṭhira), "Look! In battle, such formidable Kauravas have been defeated by my son!"

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• प्रवर्तमाने (pravartamāne) - while going on, while proceeding, in progress

• द्यूते (dyūte) - in the game of dice, in gambling

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover, so

• मत्स्यः (matsyaḥ) - King Virāṭa (fish, King of Matsya kingdom (Virāṭa))

• पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - to Yudhiṣṭhira (to the son of Pāṇḍu, to a Pāṇḍava)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

• पश्य (paśya) - See!, Look!

• पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by Virāṭa's son, Uttara (by the son)

• मे (me) - my (son) (my, by me, to me)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• तादृशाः (tādṛśāḥ) - such (formidable) (such, of that kind)

• कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - Kauravas, descendants of Kuru

• जिताः (jitāḥ) - conquered, defeated

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, a disciple of Vyāsa

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

from root vac, Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रवर्तमाने (pravartamāne) - while going on, while proceeding, in progress

(participle)

Locative, neuter, singular of pravartamāna

pravartamāna - going on, in progress, occurring

Present Middle Participle

from pra-vṛt, present middle participle

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Adjective to 'dyūte'.

द्यूते (dyūte) - in the game of dice, in gambling

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dyūta

dyūta - game of dice, gambling

तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover, so

(indeclinable)

मत्स्यः (matsyaḥ) - King Virāṭa (fish, King of Matsya kingdom (Virāṭa))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of matsya

matsya - fish; name of a kingdom/people, name of King Virāṭa

Note: Refers to King Virāṭa.

पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - to Yudhiṣṭhira (to the son of Pāṇḍu, to a Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

patronymic from Pāṇḍu

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira, who was disguised as Kanka.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vac

Imperfect Active

from root vac, Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

पश्य (paśya) - See!, Look!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Imperative Active

from root dṛś, 2nd person singular imperative; present stem 'paśya'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by Virāṭa's son, Uttara (by the son)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

Note: Refers to Uttara, who was accompanied by Arjuna (Bṛhannalā).

मे (me) - my (son) (my, by me, to me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Enclitic form for genitive/dative.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

past passive participle used as noun

from root yudh (to fight), used as a neuter noun

Root: yudh (class 4)

तादृशाः (tādṛśāḥ) - such (formidable) (such, of that kind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tādṛśa

tādṛśa - such, of that kind

Note: Agrees with 'kuravaḥ'.

कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - Kauravas, descendants of Kuru

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - name of an ancient king, name of his descendants (Kauravas)

जिताः (jitāḥ) - conquered, defeated

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jita

jita - conquered, won, defeated

Past Passive Participle

from root ji (to conquer)

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'kuravaḥ'.