महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-63, verse-14

कुमारमाशु जानीत यदि जीवति वा न वा ।
यस्य यन्ता गतः षण्ढो मन्येऽहं न स जीवति ॥१४॥

14. kumāramāśu jānīta yadi jīvati vā na vā ,
yasya yantā gataḥ ṣaṇḍho manye'haṁ na sa jīvati.

14. kumāram āśu jānīta yadi jīvati vā na vā yasya
yantā gataḥ ṣaṇḍhaḥ manye aham na saḥ jīvati

14. Quickly ascertain whether the prince lives or not. I think that he whose charioteer was a eunuch cannot be alive.

Words meanings summery:

• कुमारम् (kumāram) - the prince (King Virata's son) (prince, young man)

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• जानीत (jānīta) - know, ascertain, learn

• यदि (yadi) - if, whether

• जीवति (jīvati) - he lives, he is alive

• वा (vā) - or, either

• न (na) - not, no

• वा (vā) - or, either

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom, of which

• यन्ता (yantā) - charioteer (of the prince) (charioteer, driver, controller)

• गतः (gataḥ) - departed (from the scene, implying disappearance or death) (gone, departed, dead)

• षण्ढः (ṣaṇḍhaḥ) - eunuch (referring to Bṛhannalā/Arjuna in disguise) (eunuch, impotent person)

• मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe, I consider

• अहम् (aham) - I

• न (na) - not, no

• सः (saḥ) - the prince (he, that)

• जीवति (jīvati) - he lives, he is alive

Words meanings and morphology

कुमारम् (kumāram) - the prince (King Virata's son) (prince, young man)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kumāra

kumāra - prince, young man, boy, son

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

जानीत (jānīta) - know, ascertain, learn

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of jñā

Imperative

Imperative, 2nd person plural, active voice, Parasmaipada, from root √jñā (9th class)

Root: jñā (class 9)

यदि (yadi) - if, whether

(indeclinable)

जीवति (jīvati) - he lives, he is alive

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

Present Indicative

Present Indicative, 3rd person singular, active voice, Parasmaipada, from root √jīv (1st class)

Root: jīv (class 1)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

Note: Used in the pair vā...na vā ('or not').

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

Note: Used in the pair vā...na vā ('or not').

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom, of which

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

यन्ता (yantā) - charioteer (of the prince) (charioteer, driver, controller)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yantṛ

yantṛ - charioteer, driver, controller

गतः (gataḥ) - departed (from the scene, implying disappearance or death) (gone, departed, dead)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, arrived at, obtained, dead

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions here as an adjective in predicative use with ṣaṇḍhaḥ.

षण्ढः (ṣaṇḍhaḥ) - eunuch (referring to Bṛhannalā/Arjuna in disguise) (eunuch, impotent person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṣaṇḍha

ṣaṇḍha - eunuch, impotent person

Note: Refers to Bṛhannalā (Arjuna).

मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe, I consider

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

Present Indicative

Present Indicative, 1st person singular, middle voice, Ātmanepada, from root √man (4th class)

Root: man (class 4)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Null gender for 1st/2nd person pronouns.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - the prince (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Nominative singular masculine of tad, referring to the prince.

जीवति (jīvati) - he lives, he is alive

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

Present Indicative

Present Indicative, 3rd person singular, active voice, Parasmaipada, from root √jīv (1st class)

Root: jīv (class 1)