महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-63, verse-20

कङ्क उवाच ।
दिष्ट्या ते निर्जिता गावः कुरवश्च पराजिताः ।
दिष्ट्या ते जीवितः पुत्रः श्रूयते पार्थिवर्षभ ॥२०॥

20. kaṅka uvāca ,
diṣṭyā te nirjitā gāvaḥ kuravaśca parājitāḥ ,
diṣṭyā te jīvitaḥ putraḥ śrūyate pārthivarṣabha.

20. kaṅka uvāca diṣṭyā te nirjitāḥ gāvaḥ kuravaḥ ca
parājitāḥ diṣṭyā te jīvitaḥ putraḥ śrūyate pārthivarṣabha

20. Kaṅka said: "Fortunately, the cows have been recovered by you, and the Kurus have been defeated. Also, O best among kings, it is heard that your son is alive."

Words meanings summery:

• कङ्क (kaṅka) - Kaṅka (the name adopted by Yudhiṣṭhira during his exile in the Matsya kingdom) (Kaṅka (a name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke

• दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately; by good luck; by destiny

• ते (te) - By you (implied agent of action 'nirjitāḥ') (by you; for you; your)

• निर्जिताः (nirjitāḥ) - won (referring to the cows being recovered) (conquered; won; completely vanquished)

• गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows (specifically the cattle seized by the Kurus) (cows; oxen; rays)

• कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - The Kurus (the Kauravas, the antagonists in the Mahābhārata) (Kurus; descendants of Kuru)

• च (ca) - and (and; also)

• पराजिताः (parājitāḥ) - defeated (referring to the Kurus) (defeated; vanquished)

• दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately; by good luck; by destiny

• ते (te) - Your (possessive, referring to Virāṭa's son) (your; by you; for you)

• जीवितः (jīvitaḥ) - alive (alive; living; life)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son (specifically Uttarā, Virāṭa's son) (son)

• श्रूयते (śrūyate) - is heard; it is heard

• पार्थिवर्षभ (pārthivarṣabha) - O best among kings (addressed to Virāṭa) (O best among kings; O bull among kings)

Words meanings and morphology

कङ्क (kaṅka) - Kaṅka (the name adopted by Yudhiṣṭhira during his exile in the Matsya kingdom) (Kaṅka (a name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaṅka

kaṅka - Kaṅka; a name

उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root 'vac' (2nd class) in perfect tense, 3rd person singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately; by good luck; by destiny

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an adverb here, meaning 'fortunately'.

ते (te) - By you (implied agent of action 'nirjitāḥ') (by you; for you; your)

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Enclitic form for 2nd person singular dative or genitive, here functioning like an agent with a passive participle.

निर्जिताः (nirjitāḥ) - won (referring to the cows being recovered) (conquered; won; completely vanquished)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nirjita

nirjita - conquered, won, vanquished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'ji' (1st class) with upasarga 'nir-'.

Prefix: nir

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'gāvaḥ'.

गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows (specifically the cattle seized by the Kurus) (cows; oxen; rays)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, ray of light, earth

कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - The Kurus (the Kauravas, the antagonists in the Mahābhārata) (Kurus; descendants of Kuru)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (name of an ancient king, ancestor of Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas); descendant of Kuru

Note: Refers to the Kauravas.

च (ca) - and (and; also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

पराजिताः (parājitāḥ) - defeated (referring to the Kurus) (defeated; vanquished)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parājita

parājita - defeated, vanquished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'ji' (1st class) with upasarga 'parā-'.

Prefix: parā

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'kuravaḥ'.

दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately; by good luck; by destiny

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an adverb here, meaning 'fortunately'.

ते (te) - Your (possessive, referring to Virāṭa's son) (your; by you; for you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Enclitic form for 2nd person singular genitive.

जीवितः (jīvitaḥ) - alive (alive; living; life)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīvita

jīvita - alive, living; life

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'jīv' (1st class)

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'putraḥ'.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son (specifically Uttarā, Virāṭa's son) (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

श्रूयते (śrūyate) - is heard; it is heard

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of śru

Present Passive

Root 'śru' (5th class) in present tense, 3rd person singular passive

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Often used impersonally, 'it is heard'.

पार्थिवर्षभ (pārthivarṣabha) - O best among kings (addressed to Virāṭa) (O best among kings; O bull among kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthivarṣabha

pārthivarṣabha - best among kings, bull among kings

Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pārthiva+ṛṣabha)

• pārthiva – king, earthly ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'pṛthivī' (earth)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: A compound word, used in vocative case.