महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-63, verse-40

वयस्यत्वात्तु ते ब्रह्मन्नपराधमिमं क्षमे ।
नेदृशं ते पुनर्वाच्यं यदि जीवितुमिच्छसि ॥४०॥

40. vayasyatvāttu te brahmannaparādhamimaṁ kṣame ,
nedṛśaṁ te punarvācyaṁ yadi jīvitumicchasi.

40. vayasyatvāt tu te brahman aparādham imam kṣame
na īdṛśam te punaḥ vācyam yadi jīvitum icchasi

40. O Brahmin, because of our friendship, I forgive this offense of yours. However, if you wish to live, such a thing must not be said by you again.

Words meanings summery:

• वयस्यत्वात् (vayasyatvāt) - due to friendship, because of being a friend

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

• ते (te) - your

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin

• अपराधम् (aparādham) - offense, transgression

• इमम् (imam) - this

• क्षमे (kṣame) - I forgive, I pardon

• न (na) - not, no

• ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such, of this kind

• ते (te) - by you

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore

• वाच्यम् (vācyam) - to be spoken, should be said

• यदि (yadi) - if

• जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live

• इच्छसि (icchasi) - you wish, you desire

Words meanings and morphology

वयस्यत्वात् (vayasyatvāt) - due to friendship, because of being a friend

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vayasyatva

vayasyatva - friendship, state of being a friend

derived from 'vayasya' (friend) + 'tva' (suffix forming abstract noun)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you (pronoun base)

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - a Brahmin, one who knows the Veda, priest

Root: bṛh

अपराधम् (aparādham) - offense, transgression

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aparādha

aparādha - offense, transgression, fault, error

Prefix: apa

Root: rādh (class 5)

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this (demonstrative pronoun base)

क्षमे (kṣame) - I forgive, I pardon

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kṣam

'kṣam' (root) + 'e' (present middle first singular ending)

Root: kṣam (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such, of this kind

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of īdṛśa

īdṛśa - such, like this, of this kind

Note: Used predicatively, referring to 'vācyam'.

ते (te) - by you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you (pronoun base)

Note: Dative of agent used with a gerundive.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore

(indeclinable)

वाच्यम् (vācyam) - to be spoken, should be said

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vācya

vācya - speakable, to be said, word, statement

Gerundive (Karmaṇi Prayoga)

Derived from root 'vac' with suffix '-ya'

Root: vac (class 2)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live

(verb)

infinitive (tumun) of jīv

Infinitive

Derived from root 'jīv' with suffix '-tum'

Root: jīv (class 1)

इच्छसि (icchasi) - you wish, you desire

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

'iṣ' (root) + 'cha' (infix for desiderative stem 'iccha') + 'si' (present active second singular ending)

Root: iṣ (class 6)