महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-30, verse-51

गवां शतसहस्राणि शयनानां च भारत ।
रुक्मस्य योषितां चैव धर्मराजः पृथग्ददौ ॥५१॥

51. gavāṁ śatasahasrāṇi śayanānāṁ ca bhārata ,
rukmasya yoṣitāṁ caiva dharmarājaḥ pṛthagdadau.

51. gavām śatasahasrāṇi śayanānām ca bhārata
rukmasya yoṣitām ca eva dharmarājaḥ pṛthak dadau

51. O Bhārata, the King of (dharma) [Yudhiṣṭhira] gave away hundreds of thousands of cows, beds, gold, and women, each separately.

Words meanings summery:

• गवाम् (gavām) - of cows, of cattle

• शतसहस्राणि (śatasahasrāṇi) - hundreds of thousands, lakhs

• शयनानाम् (śayanānām) - of beds, of couches, of sleeping places

• च (ca) - and, also

• भारत (bhārata) - Vocative, addressing a king or important person in the Bhārata lineage (e.g., Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Janamejaya). (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

• रुक्मस्य (rukmasya) - of gold, golden

• योषिताम् (yoṣitām) - of women, of wives

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

• धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (king of (dharma), righteous king)

• पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, individually, apart

• ददौ (dadau) - gave, offered

Words meanings and morphology

गवाम् (gavām) - of cows, of cattle

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

शतसहस्राणि (śatasahasrāṇi) - hundreds of thousands, lakhs

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śatasahasra

śatasahasra - hundred thousand, one lakh

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śata+sahasra)

• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• sahasra – thousand
  numeral (neuter)

Note: Direct object of `dadau`.

शयनानाम् (śayanānām) - of beds, of couches, of sleeping places

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of śayana

śayana - bed, couch, sleeping, reclining

Derived from root śī (2nd class) 'to lie down'.

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Denotes items given.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - Vocative, addressing a king or important person in the Bhārata lineage (e.g., Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Janamejaya). (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, a native of India

Patronymic.

रुक्मस्य (rukmasya) - of gold, golden

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of rukma

rukma - gold, golden ornament, bright

Root: ruc

Note: Denotes material given.

योषिताम् (yoṣitām) - of women, of wives

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of yoṣit

yoṣit - woman, young woman, wife

Root: yu

Note: Denotes items given.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

(indeclinable)

धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (king of (dharma), righteous king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of (dharma), king of justice, righteous king, Yudhiṣṭhira, Yama

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – righteousness, moral law, virtue, duty, (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rājan

Note: Subject of the sentence.

पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, individually, apart

(indeclinable)

Originally an adjective, used adverbially.

ददौ (dadau) - gave, offered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dā

Perfect Tense, 3rd person singular

Reduplicated perfect from root dā (3rd class).

Root: dā (class 3)