महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-30, verse-49

भुञ्जतां चैव विप्राणां वदतां च महास्वनः ।
अनिशं श्रूयते स्मात्र मुदितानां महात्मनाम् ॥४९॥

49. bhuñjatāṁ caiva viprāṇāṁ vadatāṁ ca mahāsvanaḥ ,
aniśaṁ śrūyate smātra muditānāṁ mahātmanām.

49. bhuñjatām ca eva viprāṇām vadatām ca mahāsvanaḥ
aniśam śrūyate sma atra muditānām mahātmanām

49. Here, a great and unceasing sound was heard from the joyful brahmins (viprāḥ) and other great-souled individuals (mahātmas) as they ate and conversed.

Words meanings summery:

• भुञ्जताम् (bhuñjatām) - of those eating, of those enjoying

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

• विप्राणाम् (viprāṇām) - of brahmins, of learned ones

• वदताम् (vadatām) - of those speaking, of those conversing

• च (ca) - and, also

• महास्वनः (mahāsvanaḥ) - a great sound, a loud noise

• अनिशम् (aniśam) - unceasingly, constantly, perpetually

• श्रूयते (śrūyate) - is heard, is listened to

• स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

• मुदितानाम् (muditānām) - of those who are joyful, of the delighted ones

• महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of great-souled ones, of noble ones

Words meanings and morphology

भुञ्जताम् (bhuñjatām) - of those eating, of those enjoying

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhuñjat

bhuñjat - eating, enjoying, partaking

Present Active Participle

Derived from verbal root bhuj (7th class) + śatṛ.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies `viprāṇām` and `mahātmanām`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

(indeclinable)

विप्राणाम् (viprāṇām) - of brahmins, of learned ones

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vipra

vipra - brahmin (vipra), inspired, learned, wise

Root: vip

वदताम् (vadatām) - of those speaking, of those conversing

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vadat

vadat - speaking, conversing, saying

Present Active Participle

Derived from verbal root vad (1st class) + śatṛ.

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `viprāṇām` and `mahātmanām`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महास्वनः (mahāsvanaḥ) - a great sound, a loud noise

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāsvana

mahāsvana - great sound, loud noise, roar

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+svana)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• svana – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root svan (1st class) 'to sound'.
  Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

अनिशम् (aniśam) - unceasingly, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of `aniśa` (without night).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (a+niśā)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)

Note: Adverbial usage.

श्रूयते (śrūyate) - is heard, is listened to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of śrū

Present Passive Voice

Derived from root śru (5th class) in passive voice, present tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Followed by `sma` to indicate past tense.

स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

Locative suffix `tra` added to `a` (from idam).

मुदितानाम् (muditānām) - of those who are joyful, of the delighted ones

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mudita

mudita - joyful, delighted, happy

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verbal root mud (1st class) + kta (ta).

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `viprāṇām` and `mahātmanām`.

महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of great-souled ones, of noble ones

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, a great person (mahātma)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual consciousness (ātman)
  noun (masculine)