महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-30, verse-34

स्वयं ब्रह्मत्वमकरोत्तस्य सत्यवतीसुतः ।
धनंजयानामृषभः सुसामा सामगोऽभवत् ॥३४॥

34. svayaṁ brahmatvamakarottasya satyavatīsutaḥ ,
dhanaṁjayānāmṛṣabhaḥ susāmā sāmago'bhavat.

34. svayam brahmatvam akarot tasya satyavatīsutaḥ
dhanaṃjayānām ṛṣabhaḥ susāmā sāmagah abhavat

34. The son of Satyavatī (Satyavatīsutaḥ) himself assumed the role of the chief priest (brahmatvam). Susāmā, the foremost (ṛṣabhaḥ) among those called Dhanañjaya, became the chanter of the Sāma Veda (sāmagah).

Words meanings summery:

• स्वयम् (svayam) - himself (oneself, by oneself, personally)

• ब्रह्मत्वम् (brahmatvam) - the role of the chief priest (brahmatvam) (the state of being a brahmin, the office of the chief priest (Brahmā))

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he assumed/performed (he did, he made, he performed)

• तस्य (tasya) - for that (sacrifice, implied) (his, of him/that)

• सत्यवतीसुतः (satyavatīsutaḥ) - the son of Satyavatī (Vyāsa) (son of Satyavatī)

• धनंजयानाम् (dhanaṁjayānām) - among those called Dhanañjaya (of the Dhanañjayas, among the Dhanañjayas)

• ऋषभः (ṛṣabhaḥ) - the foremost, the best (bull, chief, excellent, best)

• सुसामा (susāmā) - Susāmā (a priest's name) (Susāmā (proper name))

• सामगह् (sāmagah) - chanter of the Sāma Veda

• अभवत् (abhavat) - he became (he became, he was)

Words meanings and morphology

स्वयम् (svayam) - himself (oneself, by oneself, personally)

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्मत्वम् (brahmatvam) - the role of the chief priest (brahmatvam) (the state of being a brahmin, the office of the chief priest (Brahmā))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brahmatva

brahmatva - the state of being a brahmin, the office of the Brahmā priest

abstract noun formed with -tva suffix

अकरोत् (akarot) - he assumed/performed (he did, he made, he performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

imperfect third person singular active

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तस्य (tasya) - for that (sacrifice, implied) (his, of him/that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Could also be dative, 'for him/that'.

सत्यवतीसुतः (satyavatīsutaḥ) - the son of Satyavatī (Vyāsa) (son of Satyavatī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavatīsuta

satyavatīsuta - son of Satyavatī

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (satyavatī+suta)

• satyavatī – Satyavatī (proper noun)
  proper noun (feminine)
• suta – son
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle of sū (to give birth), used as a noun
  Past Passive Participle of sū (to give birth), used as a noun
  Root: sū (class 2)

धनंजयानाम् (dhanaṁjayānām) - among those called Dhanañjaya (of the Dhanañjayas, among the Dhanañjayas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conquering wealth, name of Agni, name of Arjuna, name of a nāga, name of a priest

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Here used as a collective noun or referring to a group of priests with this name.

ऋषभः (ṛṣabhaḥ) - the foremost, the best (bull, chief, excellent, best)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣabha

ṛṣabha - bull, chief, excellent, best

Note: Acts as an adjective for Susāmā here.

सुसामा (susāmā) - Susāmā (a priest's name) (Susāmā (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of susāman

susāman - having good Sāman, a proper name

सामगह् (sāmagah) - chanter of the Sāma Veda

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāmaga

sāmaga - chanter of the Sāma Veda

from Sāman + ga (singer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sāman+ga)

• sāman – Sāman, a Vedic chant
  noun (neuter)
  Root: sā
• ga – singer, going
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root gā (to sing)
  Root: gā (class 3)

अभवत् (abhavat) - he became (he became, he was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

imperfect third person singular active

Root: bhū (class 1)