महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-18, chapter-2, verse-2

जुहुवुर्ये शरीराणि रणवह्नौ महारथाः ।
राजानो राजपुत्राश्च ये मदर्थे हता रणे ॥२॥

2. juhuvurye śarīrāṇi raṇavahnau mahārathāḥ ,
rājāno rājaputrāśca ye madarthe hatā raṇe.

2. juhuvuḥ ye śarīrāṇi raṇa-vahnau mahā-rathāḥ
rājānaḥ rāja-putrāḥ ca ye mat-arthe hatāḥ raṇe

2. ye mahā-rathāḥ raṇa-vahnau śarīrāṇi juhuvuḥ.
ye ca rājānaḥ rāja-putrāḥ mat-arthe raṇe hatāḥ (te kv nu?).

2. Where are those great warriors who offered their bodies into the fire of battle? And where are the kings and princes who were slain in combat for my sake (karma)?

Words meanings summery:

• जुहुवुः (juhuvuḥ) - they offered

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• शरीराणि (śarīrāṇi) - bodies

• रण-वह्नौ (raṇa-vahnau) - in the fire of battle

• महा-रथाः (mahā-rathāḥ) - great warriors

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

• राज-पुत्राः (rāja-putrāḥ) - princes, royal sons

• च (ca) - and, also

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• मत्-अर्थे (mat-arthe) - for my sake

• हताः (hatāḥ) - slain, killed

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle

Words meanings and morphology

जुहुवुः (juhuvuḥ) - they offered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of hu

Root: hu (class 3)

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

शरीराणि (śarīrāṇi) - bodies

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śarīra

śarīra - body, corporeal form

रण-वह्नौ (raṇa-vahnau) - in the fire of battle

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+vahni)

• raṇa – battle, combat, war
  noun (masculine)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)
• vahni – fire, Agni (god of fire)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vah (class 1)

महा-रथाः (mahā-rathāḥ) - great warriors

(compound noun)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ratha – chariot, car; a warrior (who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

राज-पुत्राः (rāja-putrāḥ) - princes, royal sons

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king, ruler, prince
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

मत्-अर्थे (mat-arthe) - for my sake

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mat+artha)

• mat – my, mine (genitive of 'I')
  pronoun
  Genitive case of asmad (I)
• artha – purpose, aim, object, cause, sake
  noun (masculine)

हताः (hatāḥ) - slain, killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - struck, slain, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with kta suffix

Root: han (class 2)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

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