महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-18, chapter-2, verse-28

स संनिववृते श्रुत्वा धर्मराजस्य भाषितम् ।
देवदूतोऽब्रवीच्चैनमेतावद्गमनं तव ॥२८॥

28. sa saṁnivavṛte śrutvā dharmarājasya bhāṣitam ,
devadūto'bravīccainametāvadgamanaṁ tava.

28. sa saṃnivavṛte śrutvā dharmarājasya bhāṣitam |
devadūtaḥ abravīt ca enam etāvat gamanam tava

28. sa dharmarājasya bhāṣitam śrutvā saṃnivavṛte
devadūtaḥ ca enam abravīt tava gamanam etāvat

28. Having heard the words of the King of (dharma), he turned back. The divine messenger then said to him, 'This is the extent of your journey.'

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira) (he, that)

• संनिववृते (saṁnivavṛte) - he returned (he returned, he turned back)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of the King of (dharma) (referring to Yama) (of the king of (dharma), of Yama)

• भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - words, speech (spoken word, speech, saying)

• देवदूतः (devadūtaḥ) - the divine messenger (divine messenger, messenger of the gods)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said (he said, he spoke)

• च (ca) - and (connecting the messenger's action) (and, also)

• एनम् (enam) - him (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira) (him, this one)

• एतावत् (etāvat) - this is the extent (so much, so far, this much, this extent)

• गमनम् (gamanam) - journey (going, journey, movement)

• तव (tava) - your (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira) (your)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

संनिववृते (saṁnivavṛte) - he returned (he returned, he turned back)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of saṃnivṛt

perfect middle

From prefix sam-ni- and root vṛt (to turn, to exist). Perfect middle, 3rd person singular.

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root śru (to hear).

Root: śru (class 5)

धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of the King of (dharma) (referring to Yama) (of the king of (dharma), of Yama)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of (dharma), Yama (the god of death and justice)

Compound of (dharma) and rāja.

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - words, speech (spoken word, speech, saying)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhāṣita

bhāṣita - spoken, said; speech, saying (as noun)

past passive participle

From root bhāṣ (to speak, to say). Used as a noun here.

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

देवदूतः (devadūtaḥ) - the divine messenger (divine messenger, messenger of the gods)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devadūta

devadūta - divine messenger, messenger of the gods

Compound of deva and dūta.

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+dūta)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• dūta – messenger, envoy
  noun (masculine)
  Root: du (class 2)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brav

imperfect active

From root brū (to speak, say). Imperfect 3rd person singular.

Root: brū (class 2)

च (ca) - and (connecting the messenger's action) (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira) (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enam

enam - him, this one

Used as accusative singular masculine of idam, often serving as an anaphoric pronoun.

एतावत् (etāvat) - this is the extent (so much, so far, this much, this extent)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etāvat

etāvat - so much, so far, this much, this extent

From etad + -vat(u).

Note: Agrees with 'gamanam' implicitly.

गमनम् (gamanam) - journey (going, journey, movement)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gamana

gamana - going, journey, movement, path

verbal noun

From root gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

तव (tava) - your (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira) (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you