महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-18, chapter-2, verse-8

दृष्ट्वैव तं नानुगतः कर्णं परबलार्दनम् ।
न ह्यस्मान्कर्णसहिताञ्जयेच्छक्रोऽपि संयुगे ॥८॥

8. dṛṣṭvaiva taṁ nānugataḥ karṇaṁ parabalārdanam ,
na hyasmānkarṇasahitāñjayecchakro'pi saṁyuge.

8. dṛṣṭvā eva tam na anugataḥ karṇam parabalārdanam |
na hi asmān karṇasahitān jayet śakraḥ api saṃyuge

8. tam parabalārdanam karṇam dṛṣṭvā eva na anugataḥ
hi saṃyuge karṇasahitān asmān śakraḥ api na jayet

8. Having seen Karna, the destroyer of enemy forces, I did not follow him. Indeed, not even Indra himself could have conquered us in battle if he had been with us.

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• तम् (tam) - Karna (him)

• न (na) - not

• अनुगतः (anugataḥ) - (I) did not follow (followed, gone after)

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

• परबलार्दनम् (parabalārdanam) - Karna, the destroyer of enemy forces (destroyer of enemy armies)

• न (na) - not

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• अस्मान् (asmān) - us

• कर्णसहितान् (karṇasahitān) - us, accompanied by Karna (accompanied by Karna)

• जयेत् (jayet) - would conquer, should conquer

• शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra (epithet of Indra)

• अपि (api) - even, also

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From root 'dṛś' (class 1, 6) + suffix '-tvā'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Also called Gerund.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तम् (tam) - Karna (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Karna.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

अनुगतः (anugataḥ) - (I) did not follow (followed, gone after)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anugata

anugata - followed, gone after, accompanied

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'anu-'

Prefix: anu

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicates the implied subject 'aham'.

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear; a proper name (Karna)

Note: Object of 'anugataḥ'.

परबलार्दनम् (parabalārdanam) - Karna, the destroyer of enemy forces (destroyer of enemy armies)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parabalārdana

parabalārdana - destroyer of enemy forces, tormentor of enemy armies

Compound of 'parabala' (enemy force) and 'ardana' (destroying/tormenting)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parabala+ardana)

• parabala – enemy army, hostile force
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of para (other, enemy) + bala (force, army)
• ardana – destroying, tormenting, crushing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'ard' (to pain, hurt)
  Root: ard (class 10)

Note: Epithet for Karna, agreeing with karṇam.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic or causal particle.

अस्मान् (asmān) - us

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, me, us

Note: Object of 'jayet'.

कर्णसहितान् (karṇasahitān) - us, accompanied by Karna (accompanied by Karna)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of karṇasahita

karṇasahita - accompanied by Karna, with Karna

Compound of 'Karṇa' (Karna) and 'sahita' (accompanied by)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karṇa+sahita)

• karṇa – Karna (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sahita – accompanied, endowed with, together with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'dhā' (to place) with prefix 'sa-' (with) and 'hi-' (placed) - or 'sah' (to bear) + 'ita' (past participle suffix)
  Prefix: sa
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with asmān.

जयेत् (jayet) - would conquer, should conquer

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of ji

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Nullifies the possibility of being conquered.

शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra (epithet of Indra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - mighty, powerful; a name of Indra

Note: Subject of 'jayet'.

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic.

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, war

Compound of sam- + yuga (yoke, union)

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Denotes place or time.