महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-18, chapter-2, verse-36

एवं बहुविधा वाचः कृपणा वेदनावताम् ।
तस्मिन्देशे स शुश्राव समन्ताद्वदतां नृप ॥३६॥

36. evaṁ bahuvidhā vācaḥ kṛpaṇā vedanāvatām ,
tasmindeśe sa śuśrāva samantādvadatāṁ nṛpa.

36. evam bahuvidhāḥ vācaḥ kṛpaṇāḥ vedanāvatām
tasmin deśe saḥ śuśrāva samantāt vadatām nṛpa

36. nṛpa saḥ tasmin deśe samantāt evam bahuvidhāḥ
kṛpaṇāḥ vedanāvatām vadatām vācaḥ śuśrāva

36. O king, in that place, he heard from all sides such various pitiable words from those who were suffering and speaking.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, such

• बहुविधाः (bahuvidhāḥ) - of many kinds, various, manifold

• वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speeches, voices

• कृपणाः (kṛpaṇāḥ) - pitiable, miserable, wretched, poor

• वेदनावताम् (vedanāvatām) - of those who are suffering/in pain, of the distressed

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that

• देशे (deśe) - in the place, in the country, in the region

• सः (saḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (from prior context) (he)

• शुश्राव (śuśrāva) - heard

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, everywhere

• वदताम् (vadatām) - of those speaking

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, such

(indeclinable)

बहुविधाः (bahuvidhāḥ) - of many kinds, various, manifold

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of bahuvidha

bahuvidha - of many sorts, manifold, various

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bahu+vidha)

• bahu – much, many, numerous
  adjective (masculine)
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with vācaḥ.

वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speeches, voices

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vāc

vāc - speech, voice, word, language

Root: vac (class 2)

कृपणाः (kṛpaṇāḥ) - pitiable, miserable, wretched, poor

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kṛpaṇa

kṛpaṇa - miserable, wretched, pitiable, poor, helpless

Note: Agrees with vācaḥ.

वेदनावताम् (vedanāvatām) - of those who are suffering/in pain, of the distressed

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of vedanāvat

vedanāvat - possessing pain, suffering, feeling sensation

Derived from vedanā with the suffix -vat.

Note: Modifies implied 'people' or 'beings'.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with deśe.

देशे (deśe) - in the place, in the country, in the region

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, spot, region, country

सः (saḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (from prior context) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शुश्राव (śuśrāva) - heard

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of śuśrāva

Perfect active 3rd person singular

From root śru.

Root: śru (class 5)

समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, everywhere

(indeclinable)

वदताम् (vadatām) - of those speaking

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of vadat

√vad - to speak, say, declare

Present active participle

Present active participle of root vad.

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Functions as a substantive, referring to 'those who were speaking'.

नृप (nṛpa) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, protector of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (implied) (nṛ+pā)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pā – protector (from root pā 'to protect')
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)