महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-18, chapter-2, verse-17

तमसा संवृतं घोरं केशशैवलशाद्वलम् ।
युक्तं पापकृतां गन्धैर्मांसशोणितकर्दमम् ॥१७॥

17. tamasā saṁvṛtaṁ ghoraṁ keśaśaivalaśādvalam ,
yuktaṁ pāpakṛtāṁ gandhairmāṁsaśoṇitakardamam.

17. tamasā saṃvṛtam ghoram keśaśaivalaśādvalam
yuktam pāpakṛtām gandhaiḥ māṃsaśoṇitakardamam

17. ghoram tamasā saṃvṛtam keśaśaivalaśādvalam
pāpakṛtām gandhaiḥ yuktam māṃsaśoṇitakardamam

17. It was shrouded in ghastly darkness, with human hair and moss forming its turf. It was filled with the stench of evildoers and consisted of mud made of flesh and blood.

Words meanings summery:

• तमसा (tamasā) - by darkness (by darkness, with darkness)

• संवृतम् (saṁvṛtam) - shrouded (covered, shrouded, hidden)

• घोरम् (ghoram) - ghastly (terrible, dreadful, ghastly)

• केशशैवलशाद्वलम् (keśaśaivalaśādvalam) - with human hair and moss forming its turf (with grass of hair and moss)

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - filled with (joined, endowed with, filled with)

• पापकृताम् (pāpakṛtām) - of evildoers (of evil-doers, of those who commit sin)

• गन्धैः (gandhaiḥ) - with the stench (with smells, by odors)

• मांसशोणितकर्दमम् (māṁsaśoṇitakardamam) - consisted of mud made of flesh and blood (mud of flesh and blood)

Words meanings and morphology

तमसा (tamasā) - by darkness (by darkness, with darkness)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance

Root: tam (class 4)

संवृतम् (saṁvṛtam) - shrouded (covered, shrouded, hidden)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - covered, shrouded, hidden, closed

Past Passive Participle

from prefix sam- (together, completely) + root vṛ (to cover, enclose)

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'panthānam' from the previous verse.

घोरम् (ghoram) - ghastly (terrible, dreadful, ghastly)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, ghastly, formidable

from root ghur (to be terrible)

Root: ghur (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'panthānam' from the previous verse.

केशशैवलशाद्वलम् (keśaśaivalaśādvalam) - with human hair and moss forming its turf (with grass of hair and moss)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of keśaśaivalaśādvala

keśaśaivalaśādvala - having hair and moss as grass/turf

A compound where keśa (hair) and śaivala (moss) constitute the śādvala (grassy patch).

Compound type : karmadharaya (keśa+śaivala+śādvala)

• keśa – hair
  noun (masculine)
  Root: keś (class 1)
• śaivala – moss, water plant
  noun (neuter)
• śādvala – grassy, grassy spot, turf
  noun (neuter)
  from root śād (to decay, fall off, ripen)
  Root: śād (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'panthānam' from the previous verse.

युक्तम् (yuktam) - filled with (joined, endowed with, filled with)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, endowed with, filled with, connected, engaged

Past Passive Participle

from root yuj (to join, unite, connect)

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'panthānam' from the previous verse.

पापकृताम् (pāpakṛtām) - of evildoers (of evil-doers, of those who commit sin)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāpakṛt

pāpakṛt - evil-doer, one who commits sin

compound of pāpa (sin) + kṛt (doer)

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāpa+kṛt)

• pāpa – sin, evil, wicked
  noun (neuter)
• kṛt – doer, maker
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun from root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

गन्धैः (gandhaiḥ) - with the stench (with smells, by odors)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gandha

gandha - smell, odor, fragrance, stench

from root gandh (to smell)

Root: gandh (class 1)

मांसशोणितकर्दमम् (māṁsaśoṇitakardamam) - consisted of mud made of flesh and blood (mud of flesh and blood)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of māṃsaśoṇitakardama

māṁsaśoṇitakardama - mud of flesh and blood

Tatpurusha compound indicating mud composed of flesh and blood.

Compound type : tatpurusha (māṃsa+śoṇita+kardama)

• māṃsa – flesh, meat
  noun (neuter)
• śoṇita – blood, red
  noun (neuter)
  from root śoṇ (to be red)
  Root: śoṇ (class 10)
• kardama – mud, mire, dirt
  noun (masculine)
  from root kṛd (to muddy)
  Root: kṛd (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'panthānam' from the previous verse.