महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-18, chapter-2, verse-48

किं नु सुप्तोऽस्मि जागर्मि चेतयानो न चेतये ।
अहो चित्तविकारोऽयं स्याद्वा मे चित्तविभ्रमः ॥४८॥

48. kiṁ nu supto'smi jāgarmi cetayāno na cetaye ,
aho cittavikāro'yaṁ syādvā me cittavibhramaḥ.

48. kim nu suptaḥ asmi jāgarmi cetayānaḥ na cetaye
aho cittavikāraḥ ayam syāt vā me cittavibhramaḥ

48. Am I asleep or am I awake? Though conscious, I do not understand. Oh, is this a mental disturbance, or perhaps a delusion of my mind (citta)?

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - Is it that...? (what?, why?, interrogative particle)

• नु (nu) - then, (expressing doubt) (indeed, now, certainly, interrogative particle (expressing doubt or question))

• सुप्तः (suptaḥ) - asleep, sleeping

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• जागर्मि (jāgarmi) - I am awake, I wake up

• चेतयानः (cetayānaḥ) - Though conscious (being conscious, perceiving)

• न (na) - not, no

• चेतये (cetaye) - I comprehend (I perceive, I understand)

• अहो (aho) - Oh! (O!, alas!, ah! (exclamation of wonder, sorrow, etc.))

• चित्तविकारः (cittavikāraḥ) - a disturbance of mind (mental disturbance, disorder of the mind)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (this (masculine))

• स्यात् (syāt) - could it be (may be, let it be, could be)

• वा (vā) - or perhaps (or, either...or)

• मे (me) - my (my, to me, for me)

• चित्तविभ्रमः (cittavibhramaḥ) - delusion of my mind (citta) (mental delusion, confusion of mind)

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - Is it that...? (what?, why?, interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Can also be nominative/accusative neuter singular of 'ka'.

नु (nu) - then, (expressing doubt) (indeed, now, certainly, interrogative particle (expressing doubt or question))

(indeclinable)

सुप्तः (suptaḥ) - asleep, sleeping

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of supta

supta - asleep, sleeping, dormant

Past Passive Participle

From √svap (to sleep)

Root: √svap (class 2)

Note: Used predicatively with asmi.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of √as

Present Active Indicative

First person singular

Root: √as (class 2)

जागर्मि (jāgarmi) - I am awake, I wake up

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of √jāgṛ

Present Active Indicative

First person singular

Root: √jāgṛ (class 2)

चेतयानः (cetayānaḥ) - Though conscious (being conscious, perceiving)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cetayāna

cetayāna - perceiving, understanding, being conscious

Present Middle Participle

From √cit (to perceive, understand) in causative (cetayati) or secondary conjugation

Root: √cit (class 1)

Note: Used adjectivally with an implied subject (I).

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

चेतये (cetaye) - I comprehend (I perceive, I understand)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of √cit

Present Middle Indicative

First person singular, from causative stem cetaya- or from √cit class 10.

Root: √cit (class 1)

Note: With na, 'I do not perceive/comprehend'.

अहो (aho) - Oh! (O!, alas!, ah! (exclamation of wonder, sorrow, etc.))

(indeclinable)

चित्तविकारः (cittavikāraḥ) - a disturbance of mind (mental disturbance, disorder of the mind)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cittavikāra

cittavikāra - mental disorder, disturbance of mind, change of heart

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (citta+vikāra)

• citta – mind, consciousness, thought
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle of √cit
  Though originally a participle, it functions as a noun here.
  Root: √cit (class 1)
• vikāra – change, alteration, distortion, perturbation, disorder
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-√kṛ (to change)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: √kṛ (class 8)

अयम् (ayam) - this (this (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Demonstrative pronoun

स्यात् (syāt) - could it be (may be, let it be, could be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of √as

Optative Active

Third person singular

Root: √as (class 2)

वा (vā) - or perhaps (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

मे (me) - my (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun

Note: Could also be dative. Genitive fits here as possessive.

चित्तविभ्रमः (cittavibhramaḥ) - delusion of my mind (citta) (mental delusion, confusion of mind)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cittavibhrama

cittavibhrama - delusion of mind, mental confusion, bewilderment

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (citta+vibhrama)

• citta – mind, consciousness, thought
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle of √cit
  Functions as noun here
  Root: √cit (class 1)
• vibhrama – delusion, error, confusion, distraction, bewilderment
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-√bhram (to wander, to err)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: √bhram (class 1)