महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-57, verse-6

सोऽहं द्विजेभ्यः प्रणतो विप्राद्दोषमवाप्तवान् ।
गतिमन्यां न पश्यामि मदयन्तीसहायवान् ।
स्वर्गद्वारस्य गमने स्थाने चेह द्विजोत्तम ॥६॥

6. so'haṁ dvijebhyaḥ praṇato viprāddoṣamavāptavān ,
gatimanyāṁ na paśyāmi madayantīsahāyavān ,
svargadvārasya gamane sthāne ceha dvijottama.

6. saḥ aham dvijebhyaḥ praṇataḥ viprāt
doṣam avāptavān gatim anyām na
paśyāmi madayantī sahāyavān svargadvārasya
gamane sthāne ca iha dvijottama

6. saḥ aham dvijebhyaḥ praṇataḥ viprāt doṣam avāptavān madayantī sahāyavān [aham] anyām gatim na paśyāmi ca iha svargadvārasya gamane sthāne,
he dvijottama

6. "I, who bowed to the brahmins (dvija), have nevertheless incurred a fault from a brahmin (vipra). Having Madayantī as my companion, I see no other recourse, O best of brahmins (dvija), here in this place, on the way to the gate of heaven."

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (I) (he, that)

• अहम् (aham) - I (King Saudāsa) (I)

• द्विजेभ्यः (dvijebhyaḥ) - to the brahmins (dvija) (to the twice-born, to brahmins)

• प्रणतः (praṇataḥ) - bowed (to the brahmins) (bowed, saluted, humble)

• विप्रात् (viprāt) - from a brahmin (vipra) (from a brahmin)

• दोषम् (doṣam) - fault (curse of Vasiṣṭha) (fault, defect, error)

• अवाप्तवान् (avāptavān) - (I) obtained, incurred (obtained, acquired, reached)

• गतिम् (gatim) - recourse (path, course, recourse, destination)

• अन्याम् (anyām) - other (other, another)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see

• मदयन्ती (madayantī) - Madayantī (King Saudāsa's wife) (Madayantī (name of a woman))

• सहायवान् (sahāyavān) - having Madayantī as a companion (having a companion, assisted by)

• स्वर्गद्वारस्य (svargadvārasya) - of the gate of heaven

• गमने (gamane) - on the way (to the gate of heaven) (in going, in the journey)

• स्थाने (sthāne) - in this place (in the place, in the position)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• इह (iha) - here (in this place) (here, in this world)

• द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of brahmins (dvija) (Uttanka) (O best of brahmins, O best of the twice-born)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (I) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Coreferent with 'aham'.

अहम् (aham) - I (King Saudāsa) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of 'avāptavān' and 'na paśyāmi'.

द्विजेभ्यः (dvijebhyaḥ) - to the brahmins (dvija) (to the twice-born, to brahmins)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of dvija

dvija - twice-born, brahmin, bird, tooth

from dvi (two) + jan (born)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  suffix -ja
  from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of veneration, implies 'to whom obeisance was made'.

प्रणतः (praṇataḥ) - bowed (to the brahmins) (bowed, saluted, humble)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praṇata

praṇata - bowed, bent, humble, saluting

Past Passive Participle

from root nam (to bow) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'aham'.

विप्रात् (viprāt) - from a brahmin (vipra) (from a brahmin)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - brahmin, priest, inspired, learned

from root vip (to tremble, to inspire)

Root: vip (class 1)

Note: Source of the 'doṣam'.

दोषम् (doṣam) - fault (curse of Vasiṣṭha) (fault, defect, error)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, error, sin

from root duṣ (to be faulty)

Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Object of 'avāptavān'.

अवाप्तवान् (avāptavān) - (I) obtained, incurred (obtained, acquired, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āp

āp - to obtain, to reach, to acquire

Past Active Participle (kavat)

from root āp (to obtain) with prefix ava

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Adjectival form acting as main verb.

गतिम् (gatim) - recourse (path, course, recourse, destination)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, motion, path, recourse, state, destination

from root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'na paśyāmi'.

अन्याम् (anyām) - other (other, another)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of anya

anya - other, another

Note: Agrees with 'gatim'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'paśyāmi'.

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

present 1st singular active, irregular root, uses paśya stem

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Verb of the speaker (Saudāsa).

मदयन्ती (madayantī) - Madayantī (King Saudāsa's wife) (Madayantī (name of a woman))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of madayantī

madayantī - name of a princess, wife of King Saudāsa

Note: First part of the compound 'madayantīsahāyavān'.

सहायवान् (sahāyavān) - having Madayantī as a companion (having a companion, assisted by)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahāyavat

sahāyavat - having a companion, assisted by, helpful

from sahāya (companion) + -vat (possessive suffix)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sahāya+vat)

• sahāya – companion, helper, assistant
  noun (masculine)
• vat – possessing, like, as
  suffix
  possessive suffix

Note: Qualifies 'aham'.

स्वर्गद्वारस्य (svargadvārasya) - of the gate of heaven

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of svargadvāra

svargadvāra - gate of heaven

Compound type : tatpurusha (svarga+dvāra)

• svarga – heaven, paradise
  noun (masculine)
• dvāra – door, gate, entrance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Possessive, modifies 'gamane'.

गमने (gamane) - on the way (to the gate of heaven) (in going, in the journey)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of gamana

gamana - going, motion, journey

from root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to the activity of going.

स्थाने (sthāne) - in this place (in the place, in the position)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sthāna

sthāna - place, stand, position, abode

from root sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Refers to the physical location.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'gamane' and 'sthāne'.

इह (iha) - here (in this place) (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'sthāne'.

द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of brahmins (dvija) (Uttanka) (O best of brahmins, O best of the twice-born)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijottama

dvijottama - best of brahmins, best of the twice-born

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+uttama)

• dvija – twice-born, brahmin, bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
  from dvi (two) + jan (born)
• uttama – best, highest, excellent
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Address to Uttanka.