महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-57, verse-13

अवाप्तार्थोऽहमद्येह भवांश्च पुरुषादकः ।
भवत्सकाशमागन्तुं क्षमं मम न वेति वा ॥१३॥

13. avāptārtho'hamadyeha bhavāṁśca puruṣādakaḥ ,
bhavatsakāśamāgantuṁ kṣamaṁ mama na veti vā.

13. avāpta arthaḥ aham adya iha bhavān ca puruṣa adakaḥ
bhavat sakāśam āgantum kṣamam mama na vā iti

13. adya iha aham avāpta arthaḥ ca bhavān puruṣa adakaḥ
mama bhavat sakāśam āgantum kṣamam vā na iti

13. I have accomplished my objective here today, and you are a man-eater. Is it appropriate for me to approach your presence, or not?

Words meanings summery:

• अवाप्त (avāpta) - achieved (obtained, gained, achieved)

• अर्थः (arthaḥ) - purpose, objective (purpose, meaning, object, wealth, thing)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

• इह (iha) - here (in this place/situation) (here, in this world)

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (Saudasa) (you, your honor)

• च (ca) - and

• पुरुष (puruṣa) - man, human being, person

• अदकः (adakaḥ) - eater (eater, consumer)

• भवत् (bhavat) - your (your, of your honor)

• सकाशम् (sakāśam) - presence (presence, vicinity, near)

• आगन्तुम् (āgantum) - to approach (to come, to approach)

• क्षमम् (kṣamam) - appropriate (proper, suitable, able, fit)

• मम (mama) - for me (for me, my)

• न (na) - not, no

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• इति (iti) - indicates a question (thus, so, indicates direct speech or thought)

Words meanings and morphology

अवाप्त (avāpta) - achieved (obtained, gained, achieved)

(adjective)

masculine, singular of avāpta

avāpta - obtained, gained, achieved, reached

Past Passive Participle

From root 'āp' (to obtain) with prefix 'ava'.

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: First part of the compound 'avāptārthaḥ'.

अर्थः (arthaḥ) - purpose, objective (purpose, meaning, object, wealth, thing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of artha

avāptārtha - one whose purpose/objective is achieved

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (avāpta+artha)

• avāpta – obtained, gained, achieved
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'āp' (to obtain) with prefix 'ava'.
  Prefix: ava
  Root: āp (class 5)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Second part of the compound 'avāptārthaḥ', functioning as the predicate for 'aham'.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Subject of the implicit verb 'asmi'.

अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

इह (iha) - here (in this place/situation) (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

Note: Locative adverb.

भवान् (bhavān) - you (Saudasa) (you, your honor)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - being, existing, (polite address) your honor, you

Present Active Participle

From root 'bhū' (to be) with suffix '-at'. Used as a polite pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implicit verb 'asi'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

पुरुष (puruṣa) - man, human being, person

(noun)

masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, human being, person, male, spirit, soul

Note: First part of the compound 'puruṣādakaḥ'.

अदकः (adakaḥ) - eater (eater, consumer)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adaka

puruṣādaka - man-eater, cannibal

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+adaka)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person
  noun (masculine)
• adaka – eater, consumer
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root 'ad' (to eat) with suffix '-aka'.
  Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Second part of the compound 'puruṣādakaḥ', functioning as the predicate for 'bhavān'.

भवत् (bhavat) - your (your, of your honor)

(pronoun)

singular of bhavat

bhavat - being, existing, (polite address) your honor

Present Active Participle

Root 'bhū' (to be) with suffix '-at'. Used as a polite possessive pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: First part of the compound 'bhavat-sakāśam'.

सकाशम् (sakāśam) - presence (presence, vicinity, near)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sakāśa

bhavat-sakāśa - your presence, to your vicinity

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhavat+sakāśa)

• bhavat – your, of your honor
  pronoun (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Root 'bhū' (to be) with suffix '-at'.
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• sakāśa – presence, vicinity, proximity
  noun (masculine)
  From 'sa' (with) and 'kāśa' (appearance).

Note: Object of motion for 'āgantum'.

आगन्तुम् (āgantum) - to approach (to come, to approach)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'ā'. Used with suffix '-tum'.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Expresses purpose or potential action.

क्षमम् (kṣamam) - appropriate (proper, suitable, able, fit)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣama

kṣama - able, competent, proper, fit, suitable, patient

From root 'kṣam' (to be patient, capable).

Root: kṣam (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for the infinitive clause.

मम (mama) - for me (for me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Genitive singular of 'asmad' (first person pronoun).

Note: Indicates agent for the infinitive 'āgantum' or owner for 'kṣamam'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'vā' to form a question 'whether... or not'.

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - indicates a question (thus, so, indicates direct speech or thought)

(indeclinable)