महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-57, verse-24

स दण्डकाष्ठमादाय वल्मीकमखनत्तदा ।
क्रोधामर्षाभितप्ताङ्गस्ततो वै द्विजपुंगवः ॥२४॥

24. sa daṇḍakāṣṭhamādāya valmīkamakhanattadā ,
krodhāmarṣābhitaptāṅgastato vai dvijapuṁgavaḥ.

24. saḥ daṇḍakāṣṭham ādāya valmīkam akhanat tadā
krodha-amarṣa-abhitapta-aṅgaḥ tataḥ vai dvija-puṅgavaḥ

24. tadā tataḥ vai saḥ dvija-puṅgavaḥ krodha-amarṣa-abhitapta-aṅgaḥ
daṇḍakāṣṭham ādāya valmīkam akhanat

24. Then, that excellent brahmin (dvijapuṅgava), his body scorched by anger and indignation, took a stick and began to dig into the anthill.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• दण्डकाष्ठम् (daṇḍakāṣṭham) - a stick, a staff

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, taking, grasping

• वल्मीकम् (valmīkam) - anthill, molehill, termite mound

• अखनत् (akhanat) - he dug

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• क्रोध-अमर्ष-अभितप्त-अङ्गः (krodha-amarṣa-abhitapta-aṅgaḥ) - whose limbs were tormented/scorched by anger and indignation

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, thereupon

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely (emphasizing particle)

• द्विज-पुङ्गवः (dvija-puṅgavaḥ) - the Rishi who is a brahmin (foremost among brahmins, excellent brahmin)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Rishi mentioned in the previous verse.

दण्डकाष्ठम् (daṇḍakāṣṭham) - a stick, a staff

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of daṇḍakāṣṭha

daṇḍakāṣṭha - a stick, a staff, a piece of wood for a staff

Tatpuruṣa compound: daṇḍa (stick) + kāṣṭha (wood).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daṇḍa+kāṣṭha)

• daṇḍa – stick, staff, rod
  noun (masculine)
• kāṣṭha – wood, piece of wood
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of `ādāya`.

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, taking, grasping

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root dā (to give, to take) with prefix ā- and suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

वल्मीकम् (valmīkam) - anthill, molehill, termite mound

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of valmīka

valmīka - anthill, molehill, termite mound

Note: Object of `akhanat`.

अखनत् (akhanat) - he dug

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of khan

Imperfect Active

Derived from root khan (to dig) in imperfect tense.

Root: khan (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

क्रोध-अमर्ष-अभितप्त-अङ्गः (krodha-amarṣa-abhitapta-aṅgaḥ) - whose limbs were tormented/scorched by anger and indignation

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodha-amarṣa-abhitapta-aṅga

krodha-amarṣa-abhitapta-aṅga - whose body is tormented by anger and indignation

Bahuvrīhi compound: krodha (anger) + amarṣa (indignation) + abhitapta (scorched) + aṅga (limb/body).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (krodha+amarṣa+abhitapta+aṅga)

• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• amarṣa – indignation, impatience, intolerance
  noun (masculine)
  From mṛṣ (to endure) with negative prefix a-.
  Prefix: a
  Root: mṛṣ (class 1)
• abhitapta – tormented, afflicted, scorched
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root tap (to heat, to torment) with prefix abhi-.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: tap (class 1)
• aṅga – limb, body, part
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with `dvija-puṅgavaḥ`.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, thereupon

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely (emphasizing particle)

(indeclinable)

द्विज-पुङ्गवः (dvija-puṅgavaḥ) - the Rishi who is a brahmin (foremost among brahmins, excellent brahmin)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija-puṅgava

dvija-puṅgava - foremost among brahmins, excellent brahmin

Tatpuruṣa compound: dvija (twice-born, brahmin) + puṅgava (bull, chief, excellent one).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+puṅgava)

• dvija – twice-born (a brahmin, kshatriya, vaishya), bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: dvi
  Root: jan (class 4)
• puṅgava – bull, chief, excellent, distinguished
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of `akhanat`.