महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-57, verse-28

स तु तं ब्राह्मणो भूत्वा तस्य दुःखेन दुःखितः ।
उत्तङ्कमब्रवीत्तात नैतच्छक्यं त्वयेति वै ॥२८॥

28. sa tu taṁ brāhmaṇo bhūtvā tasya duḥkhena duḥkhitaḥ ,
uttaṅkamabravīttāta naitacchakyaṁ tvayeti vai.

28. saḥ tu tam brāhmaṇaḥ bhūtvā tasya duḥkhena duḥkhitaḥ
uttaṅkam abravīt tāta na etat śakyam tvayā iti vai

28. tu saḥ brāhmaṇaḥ bhūtvā tasya duḥkhena duḥkhitaḥ
uttaṅkam abravīt tāta etat tvayā na śakyam iti vai

28. But he (Indra), having assumed the form of a brahmin and being distressed by his (Uttanka's) sorrow, said to Uttanka, 'My dear son, this cannot be achieved by you,' indeed.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Indra) (he, that)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brahmin

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

• तस्य (tasya) - of him (Uttanka) (his, of him)

• दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - by sorrow, by distress

• दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - distressed, grieved

• उत्तङ्कम् (uttaṅkam) - Uttanka (proper noun)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

• तात (tāta) - my dear son (an affectionate address) (dear son, father, dear one)

• न (na) - not

• एतत् (etat) - this (task of obtaining earrings) (this)

• शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, capable of being done

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• इति (iti) - marks the end of direct speech (thus, so)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Indra) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brahmin

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, relating to brahman or the Brāhmaṇas

Note: Predicate nominative with 'bhūtvā'

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Indeclinable participle (absolutive/gerund) of root bhū-

Root: bhū (class 1)

तस्य (tasya) - of him (Uttanka) (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - by sorrow, by distress

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - pain, sorrow, misery, suffering

दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - distressed, grieved

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - distressed, sorrowful, unhappy

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root duḥkh-

Root: duḥkh (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ'

उत्तङ्कम् (uttaṅkam) - Uttanka (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uttaṅka

uttaṅka - Name of a sage

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

तात (tāta) - my dear son (an affectionate address) (dear son, father, dear one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, friend, dear one (often used as an affectionate address to juniors or equals)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this (task of obtaining earrings) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etas

etas - this, that

शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, capable of being done

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, practicable, capable of being done

Gerundive (Pot. Pass. Part.)

Gerundive of root śak- (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'etat'

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent in passive construction 'na śakyam tvayā'

इति (iti) - marks the end of direct speech (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)