महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-57, verse-38

तत्र प्रोवाच तुरगस्तं कृष्णश्वेतवालधिः ।
ताम्रास्यनेत्रः कौरव्य प्रज्वलन्निव तेजसा ॥३८॥

38. tatra provāca turagastaṁ kṛṣṇaśvetavāladhiḥ ,
tāmrāsyanetraḥ kauravya prajvalanniva tejasā.

38. tatra provāca turagaḥ tu tam kṛṣṇaśvetavāladhiḥ
tāmrāsyānetraḥ kauravya prajvalan iva tejasā

38. tatra kṛṣṇaśvetavāladhiḥ tāmrāsyānetraḥ prajvalan
iva tejasā turagaḥ tu tam provāca kauravya

38. Thereupon, the horse with a black and white tail, and with copper-red face and eyes, spoke to him as if blazing with splendor, O descendant of Kuru.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - then, thereupon (indicating sequence of events) (there, then, in that place, in that matter)

• प्रोवाच (provāca) - spoke, said

• तुरगः (turagaḥ) - The particular horse that spoke to Uttanka. (a horse)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• तम् (tam) - to Uttanka (to him, that)

• कृष्णश्वेतवालधिः (kṛṣṇaśvetavāladhiḥ) - having a black and white tail

• ताम्रास्यानेत्रः (tāmrāsyānetraḥ) - having a copper-red face and eyes

• कौरव्य (kauravya) - Addressing Uttanka, or the narrator addressing his audience/disciple, implying the listener is a descendant of Kuru. (O descendant of Kuru)

• प्रज्वलन् (prajvalan) - blazing, shining brightly

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• तेजसा (tejasā) - with splendor, with energy, with brilliance

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - then, thereupon (indicating sequence of events) (there, then, in that place, in that matter)

(indeclinable)

प्रोवाच (provāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, third person singular

Reduplicated perfect form of vac with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Verb for 'turagaḥ'.

तुरगः (turagaḥ) - The particular horse that spoke to Uttanka. (a horse)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of turaga

turaga - a horse (literally 'swift-goer')

From root 'tvar' (to hasten) + 'ga' (going).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tura+ga)

• tura – swift
  adjective
• ga – going, moving
  adjective
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - to Uttanka (to him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कृष्णश्वेतवालधिः (kṛṣṇaśvetavāladhiḥ) - having a black and white tail

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇaśvetavāladhi

kṛṣṇaśvetavāladhi - having a tail that is black and white

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛṣṇa+śveta+vāladhi)

• kṛṣṇa – black, dark
  adjective
• śveta – white
  adjective
• vāladhi – a tail
  noun (masculine)

ताम्रास्यानेत्रः (tāmrāsyānetraḥ) - having a copper-red face and eyes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tāmrāsyānetra

tāmrāsyānetra - having a copper-red face and eyes

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tāmra+āsya+netra)

• tāmra – copper-colored, red
  adjective
• āsya – mouth, face
  noun (neuter)
• netra – eye
  noun (neuter)

कौरव्य (kauravya) - Addressing Uttanka, or the narrator addressing his audience/disciple, implying the listener is a descendant of Kuru. (O descendant of Kuru)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kauravya

kauravya - a descendant of Kuru; belonging to the Kurus

Formed with suffix 'ya' from 'kuru'.

प्रज्वलन् (prajvalan) - blazing, shining brightly

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prajvalat

prajvalat - blazing, shining, burning

Present Active Participle

From root jval with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Used with 'iva' to form a simile.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

तेजसा (tejasā) - with splendor, with energy, with brilliance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - splendor, brilliance, energy, fire, light, spiritual power

Note: Instrument for 'prajvalan'.