महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-57, verse-12

स भवान्मित्रतामद्य संप्राप्तो मम पार्थिव ।
स मे बुद्धिं प्रयच्छस्व समां बुद्धिमतां वर ॥१२॥

12. sa bhavānmitratāmadya saṁprāpto mama pārthiva ,
sa me buddhiṁ prayacchasva samāṁ buddhimatāṁ vara.

12. saḥ bhavān mitratām adya samprāptaḥ mama pārthiva
saḥ me buddhim prayacchasva samām buddhimatām vara

12. pārthiva saḥ bhavān adya mama mitratām samprāptaḥ he
buddhimatām vara saḥ me samām buddhim prayacchasva

12. O King (pārthiva), you have now attained my friendship. Therefore, O best among the wise, please grant me an impartial (samām) understanding (buddhi).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that, he, so, therefore

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (polite address) (your honor, you)

• मित्रताम् (mitratām) - friendship

• अद्य (adya) - now (today, now)

• सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - attained (friendship) (attained, reached, arrived)

• मम (mama) - my (my, mine, to me)

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king, O earthly ruler

• सः (saḥ) - therefore, so

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - understanding, intellect, intelligence

• प्रयच्छस्व (prayacchasva) - grant, bestow, give

• समाम् (samām) - impartial (understanding) (equal, impartial, common, uniform)

• बुद्धिमताम् (buddhimatām) - among the wise (of the intelligent, of the wise)

• वर (vara) - O best, O excellent one

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that, he, so, therefore

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Appears twice; first time as 'saḥ bhavān' (you, that person), second time as 'saḥ' (therefore).

भवान् (bhavān) - you (polite address) (your honor, you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - being, existing, (polite address) your honor, you

Present Active Participle

From root 'bhū' (to be) with suffix '-at'. Used as a polite pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to the listener (Saudasa).

मित्रताम् (mitratām) - friendship

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mitratā

mitratā - friendship, alliance

Derived from 'mitra' (friend) with suffix '-tā' (abstract noun).

Note: Object of 'samprāptaḥ'.

अद्य (adya) - now (today, now)

(indeclinable)

सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - attained (friendship) (attained, reached, arrived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samprāpta

samprāpta - attained, reached, acquired, arrived

Past Passive Participle

From root 'āp' (to obtain) with prefixes 'sam' and 'pra'.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'bhavān'.

मम (mama) - my (my, mine, to me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Genitive singular of 'asmad' (first person pronoun).

Note: Modifies 'mitratām'.

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king, O earthly ruler

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, royal, king, ruler

Derived from 'pṛthivī' (earth).

Note: Address to Saudasa.

सः (saḥ) - therefore, so

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a connective, meaning 'therefore'.

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Dative/Genitive singular of 'asmad' (first person pronoun).

Note: Indirect object of 'prayacchasva'.

बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - understanding, intellect, intelligence

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, discernment, perception, intelligence

From root 'budh' (to know, perceive).

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Direct object of 'prayacchasva'.

प्रयच्छस्व (prayacchasva) - grant, bestow, give

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of pra-yam

Imperative Middle

Imperative tense, 2nd person singular, middle voice. Root 'yam' (1st class) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: yam (class 1)

समाम् (samām) - impartial (understanding) (equal, impartial, common, uniform)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sama

sama - same, equal, uniform, impartial, similar

Note: Agrees with 'buddhim'.

बुद्धिमताम् (buddhimatām) - among the wise (of the intelligent, of the wise)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of buddhimat

buddhimat - intelligent, wise, discerning

Derived from 'buddhi' (intellect) with suffix '-mat'.

Note: Used in the sense of 'among the wise' or 'of the wise'.

वर (vara) - O best, O excellent one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choice, boon, bridegroom

Note: Used in combination with 'buddhimatām', forming an address 'O best among the wise'.