महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-57, verse-41

उत्तङ्क उवाच ।
कथं भवन्तं जानीयामुपाध्यायाश्रमं प्रति ।
यन्मया चीर्णपूर्वं च श्रोतुमिच्छामि तद्ध्यहम् ॥४१॥

41. uttaṅka uvāca ,
kathaṁ bhavantaṁ jānīyāmupādhyāyāśramaṁ prati ,
yanmayā cīrṇapūrvaṁ ca śrotumicchāmi taddhyaham.

41. uttaṅka uvāca katham bhavantam jānīyām upādhyāya āśramam
prati yat mayā cīrṇapūrvam ca śrotum icchāmi tat hi aham

41. uttaṅka uvāca katham upādhyāya āśramam prati bhavantam
jānīyām ca yat mayā cīrṇapūrvam tat aham hi śrotum icchāmi

41. Uttanka said: 'How am I to identify you to my preceptor's (guru) wife upon returning to the hermitage (āśrama)? And what was previously done by me, that indeed I wish to hear.'

Words meanings summery:

• उत्तङ्क (uttaṅka) - Uttanka (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• भवन्तम् (bhavantam) - you (respectful)

• जानीयाम् (jānīyām) - How should I identify you (I might know, I should know, I may identify)

• उपाध्याय (upādhyāya) - preceptor (guru) (preceptor, teacher)

• आश्रमम् (āśramam) - hermitage, sacred dwelling

• प्रति (prati) - towards, to, regarding

• यत् (yat) - what (act) (what, which)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• चीर्णपूर्वम् (cīrṇapūrvam) - previously done, performed before

• च (ca) - and, also

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

• तत् (tat) - that (matter, i.e., what was done before) (that)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अहम् (aham) - I

Words meanings and morphology

उत्तङ्क (uttaṅka) - Uttanka (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uttaṅka

uttaṅka - Uttanka (name of a sage/disciple)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

भवन्तम् (bhavantam) - you (respectful)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhavant

bhavant - you, your honor, being, existing

Present Active Participle (masculine)

From root 'bhū' (to be, exist)

Root: bhū (class 1)

जानीयाम् (jānīyām) - How should I identify you (I might know, I should know, I may identify)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

उपाध्याय (upādhyāya) - preceptor (guru) (preceptor, teacher)

(noun)

masculine, singular of upādhyāya

upādhyāya - preceptor, teacher (especially one who teaches a part of the Veda, or who lives by teaching)

From 'upa' (near) + 'adhi' (over) + 'i' (to go) -> one who goes near or approaches (for instruction).

Prefixes: upa+adhi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Part of the compound 'upādhyāyāśramam'

आश्रमम् (āśramam) - hermitage, sacred dwelling

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, monastic retreat, a stage of life (e.g., brahmacarya āśrama)

From root 'śram' (to toil, exert) with prefix 'ā', indicating a place of exertion or penance.

Prefix: ā

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Compound with 'upādhyāya' -> 'upādhyāyāśramam'

प्रति (prati) - towards, to, regarding

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - what (act) (what, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Can also be accusative

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of mad

mad - I, me

चीर्णपूर्वम् (cīrṇapūrvam) - previously done, performed before

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cīrṇapūrva

cīrṇapūrva - previously done, performed before, old practice

Compound of 'cīrṇa' (performed, done) and 'pūrva' (former, previous)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (cīrṇa+pūrva)

• cīrṇa – performed, practiced, undergone
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'car' (to move, to act, to practice)
  Root: car (class 1)
• pūrva – previous, former, prior
  adjective (neuter)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

(verb)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root 'śru'

Root: śru (class 5)

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

तत् (tat) - that (matter, i.e., what was done before) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Can also be nominative

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of mad

mad - I, me