महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-57, verse-5

सौदास उवाच ।
प्रजा निसर्गाद्विप्रान्वै क्षत्रियाः पूजयन्ति ह ।
विप्रेभ्यश्चापि बहवो दोषाः प्रादुर्भवन्ति नः ॥५॥

5. saudāsa uvāca ,
prajā nisargādviprānvai kṣatriyāḥ pūjayanti ha ,
viprebhyaścāpi bahavo doṣāḥ prādurbhavanti naḥ.

5. saudāsaḥ uvāca prajā nisargāt viprān vai kṣatriyāḥ pūjayanti
ha viprebhyaḥ ca api bahavaḥ doṣāḥ prādurbhavanti naḥ

5. saudāsaḥ uvāca ha,
kṣatriyāḥ prajāḥ nisargāt vai viprān pūjayanti ca api viprebhyaḥ naḥ bahavaḥ doṣāḥ prādurbhavanti

5. Saudāsa said: "By nature, the people, particularly kshatriyas, indeed revere the brahmins (vipra). Yet, many faults also arise for us from these very brahmins (vipra)."

Words meanings summery:

• सौदासः (saudāsaḥ) - King Saudāsa (Saudāsa)

• उवाच (uvāca) - (Saudāsa) said (said, spoke)

• प्रजा (prajā) - people, subjects (people, subjects, progeny)

• निसर्गात् (nisargāt) - by nature (by nature, naturally, from creation)

• विप्रान् (viprān) - brahmins (vipra) (brahmins, learned ones)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, verily)

• क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - kshatriyas (the warrior class) (kshatriyas, warriors)

• पूजयन्ति (pūjayanti) - (kshatriyas) honor (they honor, they worship)

• ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, verily (an emphatic particle))

• विप्रेभ्यः (viprebhyaḥ) - from brahmins (vipra) (from brahmins, to brahmins)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (many, numerous)

• दोषाः (doṣāḥ) - faults (faults, defects, errors)

• प्रादुर्भवन्ति (prādurbhavanti) - arise (they arise, they become manifest)

• नः (naḥ) - for us (for us, to us, our)

Words meanings and morphology

सौदासः (saudāsaḥ) - King Saudāsa (Saudāsa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saudāsa

saudāsa - name of a king

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - (Saudāsa) said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect 3rd singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रजा (prajā) - people, subjects (people, subjects, progeny)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, creatures, people, subjects

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to the general populace.

निसर्गात् (nisargāt) - by nature (by nature, naturally, from creation)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of nisarga

nisarga - nature, creation, innate disposition

from ni-sṛj (to discharge, to create)

Prefixes: ni+saṃ

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Adverbial use.

विप्रान् (viprān) - brahmins (vipra) (brahmins, learned ones)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vipra

vipra - brahmin, priest, inspired, learned

from root vip (to tremble, to inspire)

Root: vip (class 1)

Note: Object of 'pūjayanti'.

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, verily)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - kshatriyas (the warrior class) (kshatriyas, warriors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - member of the warrior or ruling class

Note: Subject.

पूजयन्ति (pūjayanti) - (kshatriyas) honor (they honor, they worship)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pūj

present 3rd plural active

Root: pūj (class 10)

ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, verily (an emphatic particle))

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis.

विप्रेभ्यः (viprebhyaḥ) - from brahmins (vipra) (from brahmins, to brahmins)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of vipra

vipra - brahmin, priest, inspired, learned

from root vip (to tremble, to inspire)

Root: vip (class 1)

Note: Source of the faults.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'from brahmins'.

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Agrees with 'doṣāḥ'.

दोषाः (doṣāḥ) - faults (faults, defects, errors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, error, sin

from root duṣ (to be faulty)

Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'prādurbhavanti'.

प्रादुर्भवन्ति (prādurbhavanti) - arise (they arise, they become manifest)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

present 3rd plural active

Prefix: prādur

Root: bhū (class 1)

नः (naḥ) - for us (for us, to us, our)

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Beneficiary of the faults.