महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-70, verse-54

गुरुं शिष्यो वरयेद्गोप्रदाने स वै वक्ता नियतं स्वर्गदाता ।
विधिज्ञानां सुमहानेष धर्मो विधिं ह्याद्यं विधयः संश्रयन्ति ॥५४॥

54. guruṁ śiṣyo varayedgopradāne; sa vai vaktā niyataṁ svargadātā ,
vidhijñānāṁ sumahāneṣa dharmo; vidhiṁ hyādyaṁ vidhayaḥ saṁśrayanti.

54. gurum śiṣyaḥ varayet gopradāne sa
vai vaktā niyatam svargadātā
vidhijñānām sumahān eṣaḥ dharmaḥ vidhim
hi ādyam vidhayaḥ saṃśrayanti

54. śiṣyaḥ gurum gopradāne varayet saḥ
vai vaktā niyatam svargadātā
vidhijñānām eṣaḥ sumahān dharmaḥ hi
vidhayaḥ ādyam vidhim saṃśrayanti

54. A disciple (guru) should choose a preceptor (guru) for the cow-donation ritual. He (the preceptor) is indeed the speaker (of the injunctions) and certainly the bestower of heaven. For those who understand Vedic rituals (vidhi), this is a very great natural law (dharma); for all injunctions (vidhi) depend on the primordial injunction (vidhi).

Words meanings summery:

• गुरुम् (gurum) - the preceptor (who guides the ritual) (preceptor, teacher)

• शिष्यः (śiṣyaḥ) - disciple, student

• वरयेत् (varayet) - should choose, should select

• गोप्रदाने (gopradāne) - in the cow-donation ritual, in the act of giving cows

• स (sa) - that preceptor (he, that)

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily

• वक्ता (vaktā) - the speaker of the Vedic injunctions/mantras (speaker, announcer)

• नियतम् (niyatam) - certainly, constantly

• स्वर्गदाता (svargadātā) - bestower of heaven, giver of heaven

• विधिज्ञानाम् (vidhijñānām) - of those who know Vedic rituals/injunctions

• सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, very powerful

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (one)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness

• विधिम् (vidhim) - the primordial Vedic injunction (injunction, rule, ritual)

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• आद्यम् (ādyam) - primordial, first, original

• विधयः (vidhayaḥ) - Vedic injunctions (injunctions, rules, rituals)

• संश्रयन्ति (saṁśrayanti) - they depend on, they resort to, they rely on

Words meanings and morphology

गुरुम् (gurum) - the preceptor (who guides the ritual) (preceptor, teacher)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - preceptor, teacher, venerable, heavy

शिष्यः (śiṣyaḥ) - disciple, student

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śiṣya

śiṣya - disciple, student

वरयेत् (varayet) - should choose, should select

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of vṛ

Root: vṛ (class 9)

गोप्रदाने (gopradāne) - in the cow-donation ritual, in the act of giving cows

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of gopradāna

gopradāna - donation of cows

Compound type : tatpurusha (go+pradāna)

• go – cow, ox, earth, ray of light
  noun (feminine)
• pradāna – giving, offering, donation
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dā (class 3)

स (sa) - that preceptor (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वै (vai) - indeed, verily

(indeclinable)

वक्ता (vaktā) - the speaker of the Vedic injunctions/mantras (speaker, announcer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaktṛ

vaktṛ - speaker, announcer, orator

Root: vac (class 2)

नियतम् (niyatam) - certainly, constantly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ni + yam + kta (suffix for PPP)

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Used as an adverb here

स्वर्गदाता (svargadātā) - bestower of heaven, giver of heaven

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svargadātṛ

svargadātṛ - giver of heaven

Compound type : tatpurusha (svarga+dātṛ)

• svarga – heaven, celestial world
  noun (masculine)
• dātṛ – giver, donor
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dā (class 3)

विधिज्ञानाम् (vidhijñānām) - of those who know Vedic rituals/injunctions

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vidhijña

vidhijña - knower of injunctions/rules/Vedic rituals

Compound type : tatpurusha (vidhi+jña)

• vidhi – rule, injunction, ritual, destiny
  noun (masculine)
• jña – knowing, wise, expert (often as a suffix)
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, very powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very large, excellent

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion, intrinsic nature

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

विधिम् (vidhim) - the primordial Vedic injunction (injunction, rule, ritual)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, injunction, ritual, destiny

Root: dhā (class 3)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

आद्यम् (ādyam) - primordial, first, original

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ādya

ādya - first, primordial, original, initial

Note: Agrees with 'vidhim'

विधयः (vidhayaḥ) - Vedic injunctions (injunctions, rules, rituals)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidhi

vidhi - rule, injunction, ritual, destiny

Root: dhā (class 3)

संश्रयन्ति (saṁśrayanti) - they depend on, they resort to, they rely on

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of saṃśri

Prefix: sam

Root: śri (class 1)