महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-70, verse-44

इदं च मामब्रवीद्धर्मराजः पुनः पुनः संप्रहृष्टो द्विजर्षे ।
दानेन तात प्रयतोऽभूः सदैव विशेषतो गोप्रदानं च कुर्याः ॥४४॥

44. idaṁ ca māmabravīddharmarājaḥ; punaḥ punaḥ saṁprahṛṣṭo dvijarṣe ,
dānena tāta prayato'bhūḥ sadaiva; viśeṣato gopradānaṁ ca kuryāḥ.

44. idam ca mām abravīt dharmarājaḥ
punaḥ punaḥ samprahṛṣṭaḥ dvijarṣe
dānena tāta prayataḥ abhūḥ
sadaiva viśeṣataḥ gopradānam ca kuryāḥ

44. dvijarṣe,
samprahṛṣṭaḥ dharmarājaḥ punaḥ punaḥ idam ca mām abravīt: "tāta,
dānena sadaiva prayataḥ abhūḥ.
ca viśeṣataḥ gopradānam kuryāḥ.
"

44. And Dharmarāja (Yama), greatly pleased, repeatedly spoke this to me, O sage among the twice-born: 'My dear one, you have always been diligent in giving (dāna), and you should especially perform the giving of cows.'

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this (this, this (matter))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• माम् (mām) - to me (me (accusative))

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said)

• धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Dharmarāja (Yama) (King of natural law (dharma), Yama (god of death))

• पुनः (punaḥ) - repeatedly (again, repeatedly)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - (part of 'repeatedly') (again, repeatedly)

• सम्प्रहृष्टः (samprahṛṣṭaḥ) - greatly pleased (greatly pleased, extremely joyful)

• द्विजर्षे (dvijarṣe) - O sage among the twice-born

• दानेन (dānena) - through giving (dāna) (by giving, through charity)

• तात (tāta) - My dear one (dear father, dear son, dear one)

• प्रयतः (prayataḥ) - diligent (diligent, striving, pure, restrained)

• अभूः (abhūḥ) - you have been (you were, you became)

• सदैव (sadaiva) - always (always indeed, ever)

• विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially (especially, particularly)

• गोप्रदानम् (gopradānam) - the giving of cows (giving of cows)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• कुर्याः (kuryāḥ) - you should perform (you should do, you should perform)

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this (this, this (matter))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - to me (me (accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

From √brū (to speak). 3rd person singular, parasmaipada, imperfect tense (laṅ lakāra).

Root: brū (class 2)

धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Dharmarāja (Yama) (King of natural law (dharma), Yama (god of death))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - King of natural law (dharma), a title of Yama, the god of death

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

पुनः (punaḥ) - repeatedly (again, repeatedly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an intensifier with the repeated word.

पुनः (punaḥ) - (part of 'repeatedly') (again, repeatedly)

(indeclinable)

सम्प्रहृष्टः (samprahṛṣṭaḥ) - greatly pleased (greatly pleased, extremely joyful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samprahṛṣṭa

samprahṛṣṭa - greatly pleased, very joyful, highly delighted

Past Passive Participle

From sam + pra + √hṛṣ (to be pleased, to rejoice).

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

द्विजर्षे (dvijarṣe) - O sage among the twice-born

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijarṣi

dvijarṣi - sage among the twice-born, a distinguished Brahmin or ascetic

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+ṛṣi)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya); a bird; a tooth
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

दानेन (dānena) - through giving (dāna) (by giving, through charity)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - giving, gift, charity

Root: dā (class 3)

तात (tāta) - My dear one (dear father, dear son, dear one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, son, dear one (term of endearment, used for both elder and younger)

प्रयतः (prayataḥ) - diligent (diligent, striving, pure, restrained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prayata

prayata - diligent, striving, restrained, pure, attentive

Past Passive Participle

From pra + √yat (to strive, to control).

Prefix: pra

Root: yat (class 1)

अभूः (abhūḥ) - you have been (you were, you became)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist Active

From √bhū (to be). 2nd person singular, parasmaipada, aorist tense (luṅ lakāra). Indicates a past action with emphasis on completion.

Root: bhū (class 1)

सदैव (sadaiva) - always (always indeed, ever)

(indeclinable)

Compound of sadā (always) + eva (indeed).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (sadā+eva)

• sadā – always, ever
  indeclinable
• eva – only, just, indeed, truly
  indeclinable

विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially (especially, particularly)

(indeclinable)

From viśeṣa (distinction, particularity) + suffix -tas.

गोप्रदानम् (gopradānam) - the giving of cows (giving of cows)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gopradāna

gopradāna - the gift of cows, donating cows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+pradāna)

• go – cow, bull, ox, earth, ray of light
  noun (feminine)
• pradāna – giving, gift, offering, donation
  noun (neuter)
  From pra + √dā (to give).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Object of kuryāḥ.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'giving of cows' to the previous statement.

कुर्याः (kuryāḥ) - you should perform (you should do, you should perform)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Optative Active

From √kṛ (to do). 2nd person singular, parasmaipada, optative mood (vidhiliṅ lakāra). Expresses wish, command, or possibility.

Root: kṛ (class 8)