महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-70, verse-16

ततस्त्वहं तं शनकैरवोचं वृतं सदस्यैरभिपूज्यमानम् ।
प्राप्तोऽस्मि ते विषयं धर्मराज लोकानर्हे यान्स्म तान्मे विधत्स्व ॥१६॥

16. tatastvahaṁ taṁ śanakairavocaṁ; vṛtaṁ sadasyairabhipūjyamānam ,
prāpto'smi te viṣayaṁ dharmarāja; lokānarhe yānsma tānme vidhatsva.

16. tataḥ tu aham tam śanakaiḥ avocam
vṛtam sadasyaiḥ abhipūjyamānam |
prāptaḥ asmi te viṣayam dharma-rāja
lokān arhe yān sma tān me vidhatsva

16. Then, I slowly spoke to him, who was surrounded and being honored by the assembly members: 'O King of (dharma)! I have arrived in your realm. Please assign to me those worlds (lokas) of which I am worthy.'

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• अहम् (aham) - I

• तम् (tam) - him, that (masc. sg. acc.)

• शनकैः (śanakaiḥ) - slowly, gradually

• अवोचम् (avocam) - I spoke, I said

• वृतम् (vṛtam) - surrounded, encompassed

• सदस्यैः (sadasyaiḥ) - by assembly members, by assessors

• अभिपूज्यमानम् (abhipūjyamānam) - being honored, being worshipped

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - having reached, having obtained

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• ते (te) - your

• विषयम् (viṣayam) - realm, domain, object

• धर्म-राज (dharma-rāja) - O King of (dharma), O Yama

• लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, realms

• अर्हे (arhe) - I am worthy, I deserve

• यान् (yān) - which (masc. pl. acc.)

• स्म (sma) - (particle used to indicate past tense with present verbs)

• तान् (tān) - those (masc. pl. acc.)

• मे (me) - to me, for me (dative/genitive of asmad)

• विधत्स्व (vidhatsva) - bestow, grant, assign

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunctive particle, often used for emphasis or mild contrast.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of 'avocam'.

तम् (tam) - him, that (masc. sg. acc.)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'avocam', referring to Yama.

शनकैः (śanakaiḥ) - slowly, gradually

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'avocam'.

अवोचम् (avocam) - I spoke, I said

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vac

Imperfect Active

Derived from root vac (class 2) in imperfect tense.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the first clause.

वृतम् (vṛtam) - surrounded, encompassed

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛ - to surround, to choose, to cover

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛ (class 5) with -ta suffix.

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'tam' (Yama).

सदस्यैः (sadasyaiḥ) - by assembly members, by assessors

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sadasya

sadasya - assembly member, assessor, juror

Note: Agent of 'vṛtam'.

अभिपूज्यमानम् (abhipūjyamānam) - being honored, being worshipped

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhipūjyamāna

abhipūj - to honor, to worship, to adore

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root pūj (to worship) with upasarga abhi, in passive voice, with -māna suffix.

Prefix: abhi

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Modifies 'tam' (Yama).

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - having reached, having obtained

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāp - to reach, to obtain, to arrive

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root āp (to obtain) with upasarga pra and -ta suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Modifies the implied subject 'I' (aham).

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

Derived from root as (class 2) in present tense.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Copula for 'prāptaḥ aham'.

ते (te) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

Note: Possessive, modifying 'viṣayam'.

विषयम् (viṣayam) - realm, domain, object

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viṣaya

viṣaya - sphere, object, domain, territory, realm, country

Note: Object of 'prāptaḥ'.

धर्म-राज (dharma-rāja) - O King of (dharma), O Yama

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dharma-rājan

dharma-rājan - King of (dharma), a title of Yama

Compound, vocative form. 'dharma' (law, duty) + 'rājan' (king).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, moral order
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Yama.

लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, realms

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, division of the universe

Note: Object of 'vidhatsva'.

अर्हे (arhe) - I am worthy, I deserve

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Active

Derived from root arh (class 1) in present tense.

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the relative clause 'yān sma arhe'.

यान् (yān) - which (masc. pl. acc.)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what

Note: Relative pronoun, object of 'arhe'.

स्म (sma) - (particle used to indicate past tense with present verbs)

(indeclinable)

Note: In this context, `arhe yān sma` means 'those which I was worthy of' or simply 'those which I am worthy of (as a known fact)'.

तान् (tān) - those (masc. pl. acc.)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative pronoun for 'yān', object of 'vidhatsva'.

मे (me) - to me, for me (dative/genitive of asmad)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Indirect object of 'vidhatsva'.

विधत्स्व (vidhatsva) - bestow, grant, assign

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of vi-dhā

Imperative Middle

Derived from root dhā (to place, hold) with upasarga vi, in imperative middle voice.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Main verb of the request.