महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-70, verse-40

तिलालाभे च यो दद्याज्जलधेनुं यतव्रतः ।
स कामप्रवहां शीतां नदीमेतामुपाश्नुते ॥४०॥

40. tilālābhe ca yo dadyājjaladhenuṁ yatavrataḥ ,
sa kāmapravahāṁ śītāṁ nadīmetāmupāśnute.

40. tilālābhe ca yaḥ dadyāt jaladhenum yatavrataḥ
saḥ kāmapravahām śītām nadīm etām upāśnute

40. yatavrataḥ yaḥ ca tilālābhe jaladhenum dadyāt
saḥ etām kāmapravahām śītām nadīm upāśnute

40. And a disciplined person who, when sesame is unavailable, offers a symbolic water-cow (a cow of water), he attains this cool river that flows according to desires.

Words meanings summery:

• तिलालाभे (tilālābhe) - in a situation where sesame seeds are not available (in the absence of sesame)

• च (ca) - and, also

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• दद्यात् (dadyāt) - may give, should give

• जलधेनुम् (jaladhenum) - a symbolic cow made of water, offered as a ritual donation (a water-cow, a cow made of water (symbolic offering))

• यतव्रतः (yatavrataḥ) - a person who is strict in observing their religious vows and practices (disciplined, one who has controlled vows, one who has observed vows)

• सः (saḥ) - he

• कामप्रवहाम् (kāmapravahām) - having a current that fulfills all desires (flowing according to desire, carrying wishes)

• शीताम् (śītām) - cool, cold

• नदीम् (nadīm) - river

• एताम् (etām) - this

• उपाश्नुते (upāśnute) - attains, enjoys, experiences

Words meanings and morphology

तिलालाभे (tilālābhe) - in a situation where sesame seeds are not available (in the absence of sesame)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tilālābha

tilālābha - absence of sesame, non-attainment of sesame

tila (sesame) + alābha (absence)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (tila+alābha)

• tila – sesame seed
  noun (masculine)
• alābha – non-attainment, absence, loss
  noun (masculine)
  Root: labh (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ya

ya - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

दद्यात् (dadyāt) - may give, should give

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present optative (vidhiliṅ) of dā

optative mood, present tense

Pāṇini Dhātupāṭha root dā (class 3)

Root: dā (class 3)

जलधेनुम् (jaladhenum) - a symbolic cow made of water, offered as a ritual donation (a water-cow, a cow made of water (symbolic offering))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jaladhenu

jaladhenu - a cow made of water (for ritual donation)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (jala+dhenu)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• dhenu – milch cow
  noun (feminine)

यतव्रतः (yatavrataḥ) - a person who is strict in observing their religious vows and practices (disciplined, one who has controlled vows, one who has observed vows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatavrata

yatavrata - one who has controlled or restrained vows; diligent in religious observances

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yata+vrata)

• yata – restrained, controlled, disciplined
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root yam (to control)
  Root: yam (class 1)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious duty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'yaḥ' (whoever).

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

masculine nominative singular of tad

Note: Corresponds to the relative pronoun 'yaḥ'.

कामप्रवहाम् (kāmapravahām) - having a current that fulfills all desires (flowing according to desire, carrying wishes)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kāmapravahā

kāmapravahā - flowing according to desire, stream of desires

kāma (desire) + pravahā (flowing forth)

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (kāma+pravahā)

• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  from root kam
  Root: kam (class 1)
• pravahā – flowing forth, stream, current
  adjective (feminine)
  from pra + root vah
  Prefix: pra
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `nadīm`.

शीताम् (śītām) - cool, cold

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śītā

śītā - cool, cold, chilly

feminine form of śīta

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `nadīm`.

नदीम् (nadīm) - river

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Object of `upāśnute`.

एताम् (etām) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, these (demonstrative pronoun)

feminine accusative singular of etad

Note: Qualifies `nadīm`.

उपाश्नुते (upāśnute) - attains, enjoys, experiences

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of upa-aś

present tense, middle voice (ātmanepada)

Pāṇini Dhātupāṭha root aś (class 5 or 9) with prefix upa

Prefix: upa

Root: aś (class 5)