महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-70, verse-28

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यमोऽब्रवीद्विद्धि भोज्यास्त्वमेता ये दातारः साधवो गोरसानाम् ।
अन्ये लोकाः शाश्वता वीतशोकाः समाकीर्णा गोप्रदाने रतानाम् ॥२८॥

28. yamo'bravīdviddhi bhojyāstvametā; ye dātāraḥ sādhavo gorasānām ,
anye lokāḥ śāśvatā vītaśokāḥ; samākīrṇā gopradāne ratānām.

28. yamaḥ abravīt viddhi bhojyāḥ tvam
etāḥ ye dātāraḥ sādhavaḥ gorasānām
| anye lokāḥ śāśvatāḥ vītaśokāḥ
samākīrṇāḥ gopradāne ratānām

28. Yama said, 'Know that these (rivers) are to be enjoyed by those righteous people who are givers of cow-products. Other eternal, sorrowless realms are filled with those who delight in the giving of cows.'

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama (Yama (the god of death and justice))

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said (said, spoke)

विद्धि (viddhi) - Know (know, understand)

भोज्याः (bhojyāḥ) - to be enjoyed (to be enjoyed, consumable, fit for enjoyment)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

एताः (etāḥ) - these (rivers) (these)

ये (ye) - who (who, which)

दातारः (dātāraḥ) - givers (givers, donors)

साधवः (sādhavaḥ) - righteous (people) (righteous, good people, virtuous)

गोरसानाम् (gorasānām) - of cow-products (of cow-products (milk, ghee, etc.))

अन्ये (anye) - Other (other, different)

लोकाः (lokāḥ) - realms (worlds, realms, regions)

शाश्वताः (śāśvatāḥ) - eternal (eternal, perpetual)

वीतशोकाः (vītaśokāḥ) - sorrowless (free from sorrow, sorrowless)

समाकीर्णाः (samākīrṇāḥ) - filled with (filled with, crowded with, pervaded by)

गोप्रदाने (gopradāne) - in giving cows

रतानाम् (ratānām) - of those devoted (to giving cows) (of those engaged, devoted, delighted)

Words meanings and morphology

यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama (Yama (the god of death and justice))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama (the god of death and justice), restraint

From root √yam (to restrain)

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Subject of `abravīt`.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

Third person singular of the imperfect active, from root √brū

Root: brū (class 2)

विद्धि (viddhi) - Know (know, understand)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative Active

Second person singular of the imperative active, from root √vid (class 2)

Root: vid (class 2)

भोज्याः (bhojyāḥ) - to be enjoyed (to be enjoyed, consumable, fit for enjoyment)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of bhojya

bhojya - to be eaten, to be enjoyed, edible, fit for enjoyment

Gerundive

From root √bhuj (to enjoy/eat)

Root: bhuj (class 7)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person singular nominative of yuṣmad

Note: Implicit subject of `viddhi`.

एताः (etāḥ) - these (rivers) (these)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Feminine plural nominative of etad

Note: Subject of the implied verb "are" with `bhojyāḥ`.

ये (ye) - who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Masculine plural nominative of yad

Note: Subject of the relative clause.

दातारः (dātāraḥ) - givers (givers, donors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dātṛ

dātṛ - giver, donor, bestower

Agent noun

From root √dā (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with `ye` and `sādhavaḥ`.

साधवः (sādhavaḥ) - righteous (people) (righteous, good people, virtuous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sādhu

sādhu - good, righteous, virtuous, holy person

From root √sādh (to accomplish)

Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: Agrees with `ye` and `dātāraḥ`.

गोरसानाम् (gorasānām) - of cow-products (of cow-products (milk, ghee, etc.))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of gorasa

gorasa - cow-product, milk, ghee

Compound of go (cow) and rasa (juice, essence)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+rasa)

go – cow, ox, cattle
noun (masculine)
rasa – juice, essence, taste, fluid
noun (masculine)
Root: ras (class 1)

Note: Object of `dātāraḥ` (givers of).

अन्ये (anye) - Other (other, different)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

Masculine plural nominative of anya

Note: Agrees with `lokāḥ`.

लोकाः (lokāḥ) - realms (worlds, realms, regions)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, region, people

From root √lok (to see)

Root: lok (class 10)

Note: Subject of the second sentence.

शाश्वताः (śāśvatāḥ) - eternal (eternal, perpetual)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śāśvata

śāśvata - eternal, perpetual, permanent

Note: Agrees with `lokāḥ`.

वीतशोकाः (vītaśokāḥ) - sorrowless (free from sorrow, sorrowless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vītaśoka

vītaśoka - free from sorrow, sorrowless

Compound of vīta (departed, gone) + śoka (sorrow)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vīta+śoka)

vīta – gone, departed, ceased
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root √i (to go) with prefix vi-
Prefix: vi
Root: i (class 2)
śoka – sorrow, grief, distress
noun (masculine)
From root √śuc (to grieve)
Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `lokāḥ`.

समाकीर्णाः (samākīrṇāḥ) - filled with (filled with, crowded with, pervaded by)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samākīrṇa

samākīrṇa - filled with, crowded with, pervaded by

Past Passive Participle

From sam-ā-√kṛ (to scatter, spread, fill)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: kṛ (class 6)

Note: Agrees with `lokāḥ`. Takes genitive or instrumental.

गोप्रदाने (gopradāne) - in giving cows

(noun)