महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-70, verse-27

सर्वं दृष्ट्वा तदहं धर्मराजमवोचं वै प्रभविष्णुं पुराणम् ।
क्षीरस्यैताः सर्पिषश्चैव नद्यः शश्वत्स्रोताः कस्य भोज्याः प्रदिष्टाः ॥२७॥

27. sarvaṁ dṛṣṭvā tadahaṁ dharmarāja;mavocaṁ vai prabhaviṣṇuṁ purāṇam ,
kṣīrasyaitāḥ sarpiṣaścaiva nadyaḥ; śaśvatsrotāḥ kasya bhojyāḥ pradiṣṭāḥ.

27. sarvam dṛṣṭvā tat aham dharmarājam
avocam vai prabhaviṣṇum purāṇam |
kṣīrasya etāḥ sarpiṣaḥ ca eva nadyaḥ
śaśvat srotāḥ kasya bhojyāḥ pradiṣṭāḥ

27. Having seen all that, I then said to the mighty, ancient king of (dharma) [Yama]: 'Whose are these perpetually flowing rivers of milk and ghee, ordained to be enjoyed?'

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all that (all, everything)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - Having seen

• तत् (tat) - then (that, then)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• धर्मराजम् (dharmarājam) - king of (dharma) [Yama] (king of dharma, king of justice, Yama)

• अवोचम् (avocam) - I spoke (I spoke, I said)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly)

• प्रभविष्णुम् (prabhaviṣṇum) - mighty (mighty, powerful, supreme, lord)

• पुराणम् (purāṇam) - ancient (ancient, old)

• क्षीरस्य (kṣīrasya) - of milk

• एताः (etāḥ) - these

• सर्पिषः (sarpiṣaḥ) - of ghee

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - certainly (certainly, indeed, only)

• नद्यः (nadyaḥ) - rivers

• शश्वत् (śaśvat) - perpetually (perpetually, eternally, always)

• स्रोताः (srotāḥ) - flowing (flowing, streams, currents)

• कस्य (kasya) - Whose (whose, of whom)

• भोज्याः (bhojyāḥ) - ordained to be enjoyed (to be enjoyed, consumable, fit for enjoyment)

• प्रदिष्टाः (pradiṣṭāḥ) - ordained (assigned, ordained, instructed)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all that (all, everything)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Object of `dṛṣṭvā`.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - Having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root √dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Functions as a gerund.

तत् (tat) - then (that, then)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial usage

Note: Refers to the preceding action.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, myself

First person singular nominative of asmad

Note: Subject of `avocam`.

धर्मराजम् (dharmarājam) - king of (dharma) [Yama] (king of dharma, king of justice, Yama)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of dharma, king of justice, Yama (the god of death and justice)

Compound of dharma (righteousness/law) and rāja (king)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root √rāj (to rule)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Object of `avocam`.

अवोचम् (avocam) - I spoke (I spoke, I said)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of vac

Aorist Active

First person singular of the aorist active, from root √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Particle used for emphasis

प्रभविष्णुम् (prabhaviṣṇum) - mighty (mighty, powerful, supreme, lord)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prabhaviṣṇu

prabhaviṣṇu - mighty, powerful, supreme, capable of, lord

Derived from pra-√bhū (to be powerful)

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `dharmarājam`.

पुराणम् (purāṇam) - ancient (ancient, old)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of purāṇa

purāṇa - ancient, old, primeval

Note: Agrees with `dharmarājam`.

क्षीरस्य (kṣīrasya) - of milk

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of kṣīra

kṣīra - milk

Note: Indicates the substance of the rivers.

एताः (etāḥ) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Feminine plural nominative of etad

Note: Agrees with `nadyaḥ`.

सर्पिषः (sarpiṣaḥ) - of ghee

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sarpiṣ

sarpiṣ - ghee, clarified butter

Note: Indicates the substance of the rivers.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

एव (eva) - certainly (certainly, indeed, only)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

नद्यः (nadyaḥ) - rivers

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nadī

nadī - river

Note: Subject of the question.

शश्वत् (śaśvat) - perpetually (perpetually, eternally, always)

(indeclinable)

Adverb, but can also be an adjective

स्रोताः (srotāḥ) - flowing (flowing, streams, currents)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of srotas

srotas - stream, current, flow; flowing

From root √sru (to flow). Can be used as a substantive or adjective

Root: sru (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `nadyaḥ`.

कस्य (kasya) - Whose (whose, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Masculine/neuter singular genitive of kim

Note: Pertains to the owner/enjoyer of the rivers.

भोज्याः (bhojyāḥ) - ordained to be enjoyed (to be enjoyed, consumable, fit for enjoyment)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of bhojya

bhojya - to be eaten, to be enjoyed, edible, fit for enjoyment

Gerundive

From root √bhuj (to enjoy/eat)

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with `nadyaḥ`.

प्रदिष्टाः (pradiṣṭāḥ) - ordained (assigned, ordained, instructed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of pradiṣṭa

pradiṣṭa - assigned, ordained, prescribed, instructed

Past Passive Participle

From pra-√diś (to assign, ordain)

Prefix: pra

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with `nadyaḥ`.