महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-47, verse-7

भीष्म उवाच ।
ब्राह्मणः क्षत्रियो वैश्यस्त्रयो वर्णा द्विजातयः ।
एतेषु विहितो धर्मो ब्राह्मणस्य युधिष्ठिर ॥७॥

7. bhīṣma uvāca ,
brāhmaṇaḥ kṣatriyo vaiśyastrayo varṇā dvijātayaḥ ,
eteṣu vihito dharmo brāhmaṇasya yudhiṣṭhira.

7. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca brāhmaṇaḥ kṣatriyaḥ vaiśyaḥ trayaḥ varṇāḥ
dvijātayaḥ eteṣu vihitaḥ dharmaḥ brāhmaṇasya yudhiṣṭhira

7. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca brāhmaṇaḥ kṣatriyaḥ vaiśyaḥ trayaḥ varṇāḥ
dvijātayaḥ yudhiṣṭhira eteṣu brāhmaṇasya dharmaḥ vihitaḥ

7. Bhīṣma said: The Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, and Vaiśya – these three classes (varṇas) are the twice-born. O Yudhiṣṭhira, among these, the intrinsic nature (dharma) is particularly prescribed for the Brāhmaṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brāhmaṇa (member of the priestly class)

• क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a Kṣatriya (member of the warrior class)

• वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a Vaiśya (member of the merchant/farmer class)

• त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

• वर्णाः (varṇāḥ) - classes, social orders (varṇas)

• द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - referring to the three upper varṇas (Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya) (twice-born)

• एतेषु (eteṣu) - among these three twice-born classes (among these)

• विहितः (vihitaḥ) - prescribed, ordained, enjoined

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the specific duties and intrinsic nature appropriate for the Brāhmaṇa class (intrinsic nature, natural law, duty, righteousness)

• ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of the Brāhmaṇa, for the Brāhmaṇa

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a character in the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense (lit) form of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brāhmaṇa (member of the priestly class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, belonging to Brahma, sacred

क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a Kṣatriya (member of the warrior class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a member of the warrior or ruling class

वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a Vaiśya (member of the merchant/farmer class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśya

vaiśya - a member of the merchant or agricultural class

त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tri

tri - three

वर्णाः (varṇāḥ) - classes, social orders (varṇas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of varṇa

varṇa - color, caste, class, social order

द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - referring to the three upper varṇas (Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya) (twice-born)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born (a Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, or Vaiśya), bird, snake, tooth

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• jāti – birth, origin, species, class
  noun (feminine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

एतेषु (eteṣu) - among these three twice-born classes (among these)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

विहितः (vihitaḥ) - prescribed, ordained, enjoined

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihita

vihita - ordered, prescribed, performed, arranged

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā (to place, arrange) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the specific duties and intrinsic nature appropriate for the Brāhmaṇa class (intrinsic nature, natural law, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - intrinsic nature, natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of the Brāhmaṇa, for the Brāhmaṇa

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, belonging to Brahma, sacred

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (a principal character in the Mahābhārata, oldest of the Pāṇḍavas)