महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-47, verse-23

त्रिसाहस्रपरो दायः स्त्रियो देयो धनस्य वै ।
तच्च भर्त्रा धनं दत्तं नादत्तं भोक्तुमर्हति ॥२३॥

23. trisāhasraparo dāyaḥ striyo deyo dhanasya vai ,
tacca bhartrā dhanaṁ dattaṁ nādattaṁ bhoktumarhati.

23. trisāhasraparaḥ dāyaḥ striyaḥ deyaḥ dhanasya vai tat
ca bhartrā dhanam dattam na adattam bhoktum arhati

23. dhanasya triśāhasraparaḥ dāyaḥ striyaḥ deyaḥ vai tat ca bhartrā dattam dhanam bhoktum arhati,
na adattam (dhanam)

23. A gift to a woman from wealth should not exceed three thousand (units). And a woman is entitled to enjoy that wealth which is given by her husband, not that which is not given.

Words meanings summery:

• त्रिसाहस्रपरः (trisāhasraparaḥ) - the upper limit is three thousand (units) (exceeding three thousand, three thousand being the limit)

• दायः (dāyaḥ) - a gift (to a woman) (gift, share, inheritance)

• स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - to a woman (dative sense, despite genitive form) (to a woman, of a woman, women)

• देयः (deyaḥ) - should be given (to be given, due)

• धनस्य (dhanasya) - from wealth (partitive genitive or source) (of wealth, of property)

• वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, verily, certainly)

• तत् (tat) - that (wealth) (that)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भर्त्रा (bhartrā) - by the husband (by the husband, by the supporter)

• धनम् (dhanam) - wealth (wealth, property, money)

• दत्तम् (dattam) - given (by the husband) (given)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अदत्तम् (adattam) - that which is not given (not given)

• भोक्तुम् (bhoktum) - to enjoy (to eat, to enjoy, to consume)

• अर्हति (arhati) - is entitled (to enjoy) (is entitled, deserves, is able)

Words meanings and morphology

त्रिसाहस्रपरः (trisāhasraparaḥ) - the upper limit is three thousand (units) (exceeding three thousand, three thousand being the limit)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trisāhasrapara

trisāhasrapara - exceeding three thousand, having three thousand as the highest limit

Compound type : tatpurusha (trisāhasra+para)

• trisāhasra – three thousand
  numeral adjective (neuter)
• para – chief, highest, exceeding
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies `dāyaḥ`.

दायः (dāyaḥ) - a gift (to a woman) (gift, share, inheritance)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dāya

dāya - gift, share, inheritance, portion

from root dā (to give) with ghañ suffix

Root: dā (class 3)

स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - to a woman (dative sense, despite genitive form) (to a woman, of a woman, women)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of strī

strī - woman, female, wife

Note: Used as genitive but with a dative sense "for a woman" or "to a woman".

देयः (deyaḥ) - should be given (to be given, due)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deya

deya - to be given, due, fit to be given

Gerundive

from root dā (to give) with yat suffix

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies `dāyaḥ`.

धनस्य (dhanasya) - from wealth (partitive genitive or source) (of wealth, of property)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, property, money

Root: dhā

Note: Indicates source or part of.

वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, verily, certainly)

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (wealth) (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers to `dhanam`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

भर्त्रा (bhartrā) - by the husband (by the husband, by the supporter)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, supporter, lord

agent noun from root bhṛ (to bear, support)

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

धनम् (dhanam) - wealth (wealth, property, money)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, property, money

Root: dhā

Note: Subject of the passive construction `dattam`.

दत्तम् (dattam) - given (by the husband) (given)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, presented

Past Passive Participle

from root dā (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies `dhanam`.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अदत्तम् (adattam) - that which is not given (not given)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adatta

adatta - not given, not granted

Past Passive Participle

nañ-compound of adatta, which is from root dā

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+datta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• datta – given
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Functions here as a noun, "that which is not given".

भोक्तुम् (bhoktum) - to enjoy (to eat, to enjoy, to consume)

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of bhuj

Infinitive

from root bhuj (to enjoy)

Root: bhuj (class 7)

अर्हति (arhati) - is entitled (to enjoy) (is entitled, deserves, is able)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)