महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-56, verse-36

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तस्मान्नित्यं दया कार्या चातुर्वर्ण्ये विपश्चिता ।
धर्मात्मा सत्यवाक्चैव राजा रञ्जयति प्रजाः ॥३६॥

36. tasmānnityaṁ dayā kāryā cāturvarṇye vipaścitā ,
dharmātmā satyavākcaiva rājā rañjayati prajāḥ.

36. tasmāt nityam dayā kāryā cāturvarṇye vipaścitā
dharmātmā satyavāk ca eva rājā rañjayati prajāḥ

36. tasmāt vipaścitā nityam cāturvarṇye dayā kāryā.
dharmātmā ca satyavāk eva rājā prajāḥ rañjayati.

36. Therefore, compassion should always be shown by the wise (vipaścita) towards the four social classes (cāturvarṇya). A king (rājan) whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is righteous and who is truthful, truly delights his subjects.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, thence, from that

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

दया (dayā) - compassion, kindness, mercy

कार्या (kāryā) - should be done, ought to be done, to be performed

चातुर्वर्ण्ये (cāturvarṇye) - among the four social classes (in the four social orders, among the four classes)

विपश्चिता (vipaścitā) - by the wise one, by the learned person

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is righteous (righteous-souled, whose nature is righteousness, virtuous)

सत्यवाक् (satyavāk) - truthful, speaker of truth

च (ca) - and, also

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

राजा (rājā) - king (rājan) (king)

रञ्जयति (rañjayati) - pleases, delights, gratifies, makes red

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, people, progeny

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, thence, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Used as an adverbial conjunction "therefore".

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

दया (dayā) - compassion, kindness, mercy

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dayā

dayā - compassion, kindness, mercy, pity

Note: Subject of `kāryā`.

कार्या (kāryā) - should be done, ought to be done, to be performed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, to be made, duty, action

Gerundive

Passive participial adjective (Gerundive) derived from √kṛ (to do, to make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicative adjective for `dayā`.

चातुर्वर्ण्ये (cāturvarṇye) - among the four social classes (in the four social orders, among the four classes)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of cāturvarṇya

cāturvarṇya - the system of four social orders/classes (Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya, Śūdra)

Derived from `caturvarṇa` (four classes) with the suffix -ya.

Compound type : Dvigu (catur+varṇa)

catur – four
numeral
varṇa – color, class, social order, letter
noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to "among the four social classes".

विपश्चिता (vipaścitā) - by the wise one, by the learned person

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vipaścit

vipaścit - wise, learned, intelligent, a sage

From `vi` + `paścit` (seeing).

Prefix: vi

Root: paś (class 1)

Note: Agent of `kāryā` (by whom compassion should be shown).

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is righteous (righteous-souled, whose nature is righteousness, virtuous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - righteous-souled, virtuous, having a righteous nature

Bahuvrīhi compound: `dharmaḥ ātmā yasya saḥ` (he whose self is righteousness).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
noun (masculine)
ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
noun (masculine)

सत्यवाक् (satyavāk) - truthful, speaker of truth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavāc

satyavāc - truthful, speaking truth, one whose speech is truth

Bahuvrīhi compound: `satya vāc yasya saḥ` (he whose speech is truth).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (satya+vāc)