महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-56, verse-46

वर्तितव्यं कुरुश्रेष्ठ नित्यं धर्मानुवर्तिना ।
स्वं प्रियं समभित्यज्य यद्यल्लोकहितं भवेत् ॥४६॥

46. vartitavyaṁ kuruśreṣṭha nityaṁ dharmānuvartinā ,
svaṁ priyaṁ samabhityajya yadyallokahitaṁ bhavet.

46. vartitavyam kuruśreṣṭha nityam dharmānuvartinā |
svam priyam samabhityajya yat yat lokahitam bhavet

46. kuruśreṣṭha nityam dharmānuvartinā svam priyam
samabhityajya yat yat lokahitam bhavet vartitavyam

46. O best of the Kurus, a king, always adhering to (natural) law (dharma), should act by completely abandoning his personal desires, whatever may be beneficial for the welfare of the people.

Words meanings summery:

• वर्तितव्यम् (vartitavyam) - should be acted, ought to be behaved

• कुरुश्रेष्ठ (kuruśreṣṭha) - O best of Kurus

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always

• धर्मानुवर्तिना (dharmānuvartinā) - by one adhering to (natural) law (dharma)

• स्वम् (svam) - one's own, personal

• प्रियम् (priyam) - dear, beloved, pleasing

• समभित्यज्य (samabhityajya) - having completely abandoned, forsaking thoroughly

• यत् (yat) - which, whatever

• यत् (yat) - which, whatever

• लोकहितम् (lokahitam) - welfare of the people, beneficial to the world

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

Words meanings and morphology

वर्तितव्यम् (vartitavyam) - should be acted, ought to be behaved

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vartitavya

vartitavya - to be behaved, to be acted, fit to be done

gerundive

Gerundive (future passive participle) from root vṛt (to exist, to behave)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

कुरुश्रेष्ठ (kuruśreṣṭha) - O best of Kurus

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kuruśreṣṭha

kuruśreṣṭha - best among the Kurus, foremost of Kurus

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+śreṣṭha)

• kuru – Kuru (name of a dynasty/people), a member of the Kuru dynasty
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of praśasya (excellent)

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always

(indeclinable)

Note: Can also be an adjective in accusative singular neuter.

धर्मानुवर्तिना (dharmānuvartinā) - by one adhering to (natural) law (dharma)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharmānuvartin

dharmānuvartin - follower of dharma, adhering to natural law

agent noun

Compound of dharma and anuvartin (follower)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+anuvartin)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
• anuvartin – following, conforming to, an adherent
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from the root vṛt (to be, to turn) with prefix anu, meaning 'following'
  Prefix: anu
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

स्वम् (svam) - one's own, personal

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own, personal

Note: Can also be neuter accusative singular

प्रियम् (priyam) - dear, beloved, pleasing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing, favorite

Note: Can also be neuter accusative singular, acting as a noun 'dear thing'

समभित्यज्य (samabhityajya) - having completely abandoned, forsaking thoroughly

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive participle from root tyaj (to abandon) with prefixes sam and abhi

Prefixes: sam+abhi

Root: tyaj (class 1)

यत् (yat) - which, whatever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yat

yat - which, what, whoever, whatever

Note: Used here in reduplicated form 'yat yat' meaning 'whatever'

यत् (yat) - which, whatever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yat

yat - which, what, whoever, whatever

Note: Used here in reduplicated form 'yat yat' meaning 'whatever'

लोकहितम् (lokahitam) - welfare of the people, beneficial to the world

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lokahita

lokahita - welfare of the people, beneficial to the world

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+hita)

• loka – world, people, mankind
  noun (masculine)
• hita – beneficial, good, welfare, advantage
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root dhā, used as a noun/adjective
  Root: dhā (class 3)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)