महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-56, verse-4

त्रिवर्गोऽत्र समासक्तो राजधर्मेषु कौरव ।
मोक्षधर्मश्च विस्पष्टः सकलोऽत्र समाहितः ॥४॥

4. trivargo'tra samāsakto rājadharmeṣu kaurava ,
mokṣadharmaśca vispaṣṭaḥ sakalo'tra samāhitaḥ.

4. trivargaḥ atra samāsaktaḥ rājadharmeṣu kaurava
mokṣadharmaḥ ca vispaṣṭaḥ sakalaḥ atra samāhitaḥ

4. kaurava,
atra rājadharmeṣu trivargaḥ samāsaktaḥ.
ca atra mokṣadharmaḥ sakalaḥ vispaṣṭaḥ samāhitaḥ.

4. O Kaurava (Kaurava), the three aims of human life (trivarga) are closely associated with the duties of kings (rājadharma) here; and the natural law of liberation (mokṣa-dharma) is also fully and clearly contained within them.

Words meanings summery:

• त्रिवर्गः (trivargaḥ) - Refers to the three aims of human life: virtue/duty (dharma), wealth/prosperity (artha), and pleasure/desire (kāma). (the group of three, the triad (usually dharma, artha, kāma))

• अत्र (atra) - Referring to the context of rājadharma. (here, in this matter, in this context)

• समासक्तः (samāsaktaḥ) - The trivarga is inextricably linked to or dependent upon rājadharma. (closely attached, connected, involved)

• राजधर्मेषु (rājadharmeṣu) - The context within which trivarga is found. (in the duties of kings, in royal natural laws)

• कौरव (kaurava) - Vocative address to Bhīṣma, who is a prominent descendant of the Kuru dynasty. (O Kaurava, O descendant of Kuru)

• मोक्षधर्मः (mokṣadharmaḥ) - The principles and practices leading to final liberation (mokṣa) from the cycle of rebirth (saṃsāra). (the natural law (dharma) of liberation (mokṣa))

• च (ca) - Connects trivarga and mokṣadharma as being included. (and, also)

• विस्पष्टः (vispaṣṭaḥ) - Emphasizes that mokṣadharma is not just present but clearly discernible within rājadharma. (clear, distinct, evident)

• सकलः (sakalaḥ) - Signifies that the entirety of mokṣadharma is covered. (entire, whole, complete)

• अत्र (atra) - Emphasizes that mokṣadharma is also contained specifically within rājadharma. (here, in this matter, in this context)

• समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - The principles of mokṣadharma are fully incorporated or reside within rājadharma. (contained, collected, well-placed, focused)

Words meanings and morphology

त्रिवर्गः (trivargaḥ) - Refers to the three aims of human life: virtue/duty (dharma), wealth/prosperity (artha), and pleasure/desire (kāma). (the group of three, the triad (usually dharma, artha, kāma))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trivarga

trivarga - the group of three, the triad, especially dharma, artha, and kāma

Tatpuruṣa compound: tri (three) + varga (group).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tri+varga)

• tri – three
  numeral
• varga – group, class, division
  noun (masculine)
  From root √vṛj (to avoid, to turn).
  Root: vṛj (class 1)

Note: Refers to the group as a single entity.

अत्र (atra) - Referring to the context of rājadharma. (here, in this matter, in this context)

(indeclinable)

Locative adverb derived from demonstrative pronoun idam.

समासक्तः (samāsaktaḥ) - The trivarga is inextricably linked to or dependent upon rājadharma. (closely attached, connected, involved)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāsakta

samāsakta - closely connected, attached, involved, absorbed

Past Passive Participle

From root √sañj (to cling to) with prefixes sam- and ā-.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sañj (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective.

राजधर्मेषु (rājadharmeṣu) - The context within which trivarga is found. (in the duties of kings, in royal natural laws)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of rājadharma

rājadharma - the natural law (dharma) or duties of a king

Tatpuruṣa compound: rājan (king) + dharma (natural law/duty).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+dharma)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  From root √dhṛ.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

कौरव (kaurava) - Vocative address to Bhīṣma, who is a prominent descendant of the Kuru dynasty. (O Kaurava, O descendant of Kuru)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaurava

kaurava - a descendant of Kuru, belonging to the Kuru clan, an epithet for various characters in the Mahābhārata, especially the Kuru princes (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons) or Bhīṣma.

From Kuru + suffix -a (denoting relation/descendant).

Note: The form is identical to nominative singular.

मोक्षधर्मः (mokṣadharmaḥ) - The principles and practices leading to final liberation (mokṣa) from the cycle of rebirth (saṃsāra). (the natural law (dharma) of liberation (mokṣa))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mokṣadharma

mokṣadharma - the natural law (dharma) or path leading to liberation (mokṣa)

Tatpuruṣa compound: mokṣa (liberation) + dharma (natural law/duty).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mokṣa+dharma)

• mokṣa – liberation, release, emancipation
  noun (masculine)
  From root √muc (to free, to release).
  Root: muc (class 6)
• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  From root √dhṛ.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - Connects trivarga and mokṣadharma as being included. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

विस्पष्टः (vispaṣṭaḥ) - Emphasizes that mokṣadharma is not just present but clearly discernible within rājadharma. (clear, distinct, evident)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vispaṣṭa

vispaṣṭa - clear, distinct, evident, explicit

Past Passive Participle

From root √spaś (to see) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: spaś (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective.

सकलः (sakalaḥ) - Signifies that the entirety of mokṣadharma is covered. (entire, whole, complete)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sakala

sakala - whole, entire, complete, all

Bahuvrīhi compound: sa (with) + kala (part). 'having all parts'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+kala)

• sa – with, together with (prefix)
  indeclinable
  Prepositional prefix.
• kala – a part, a portion
  noun (masculine)
  From root √kal (to count, to calculate).
  Root: kal (class 10)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective.

अत्र (atra) - Emphasizes that mokṣadharma is also contained specifically within rājadharma. (here, in this matter, in this context)

(indeclinable)

Locative adverb derived from demonstrative pronoun idam.

समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - The principles of mokṣadharma are fully incorporated or reside within rājadharma. (contained, collected, well-placed, focused)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāhita

samāhita - put together, collected, contained, concentrated, composed, well-placed

Past Passive Participle

From root √dhā (to place, to put) with prefixes sam- and ā-.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective.