महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-56, verse-53

वातं च ष्ठीवनं चैव कुर्वते चास्य संनिधौ ।
निर्लज्जा नरशार्दूल व्याहरन्ति च तद्वचः ॥५३॥

53. vātaṁ ca ṣṭhīvanaṁ caiva kurvate cāsya saṁnidhau ,
nirlajjā naraśārdūla vyāharanti ca tadvacaḥ.

53. vātam ca ṭhīvanam ca eva kurvate ca asya saṃnidhau
nirlajjā naraśārdūla vyāharanti ca tat vacas

53. naraśārdūla vātam ca ष्ठीवनं (ṭhīvanaṃ?) ca eva ca asya
saṃnidhau kurvate nirlajjā ca tat vacas vyāharanti

53. O tiger among men, they even pass gas and spit right in his presence, shamelessly, and they utter those very words back to him.

Words meanings summery:

• वातम् (vātam) - wind, flatulence, gas

• च (ca) - and

• ठीवनम् (ṭhīvanam) - spitting

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, even, very

• कुर्वते (kurvate) - they do, they make, they perform

• च (ca) - and

• अस्य (asya) - of him (the king) (of this one, his)

• संनिधौ (saṁnidhau) - in the presence, near

• निर्लज्जा (nirlajjā) - shameless

• नरशार्दूल (naraśārdūla) - O tiger among men

• व्याहरन्ति (vyāharanti) - they utter, they speak

• च (ca) - and

• तत् (tat) - that

• वचस् (vacas) - word, speech

Words meanings and morphology

वातम् (vātam) - wind, flatulence, gas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāta

vāta - wind, air, gas, flatulence

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ठीवनम् (ṭhīvanam) - spitting

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ṭhīvana

ṭhīvana - spitting

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, even, very

(indeclinable)

कुर्वते (kurvate) - they do, they make, they perform

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of him (the king) (of this one, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

संनिधौ (saṁnidhau) - in the presence, near

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃnidhi

saṁnidhi - presence, proximity, nearness

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

निर्लज्जा (nirlajjā) - shameless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirlajja

nirlajja - shameless, impudent

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nis+lajjā)

• nis – out, away, without
  indeclinable
• lajjā – shame, modesty
  noun (feminine)
  Root: lajj (class 1)

नरशार्दूल (naraśārdūla) - O tiger among men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naraśārdūla

naraśārdūla - tiger among men, eminent man

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+śārdūla)

• nara – man
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger, best among
  noun (masculine)

व्याहरन्ति (vyāharanti) - they utter, they speak

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vyāhṛ

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that

वचस् (vacas) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, expression

Root: vac (class 2)

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