महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-323, verse-37

ततोऽभिवदतां तेषामश्रौष्म विपुलं ध्वनिम् ।
बलिः किलोपह्रियते तस्य देवस्य तैर्नरैः ॥३७॥

37. tato'bhivadatāṁ teṣāmaśrauṣma vipulaṁ dhvanim ,
baliḥ kilopahriyate tasya devasya tairnaraiḥ.

37. tataḥ abhivadatām teṣām aśrauṣma vipulam dhvanim
baliḥ kila upahriyate tasya devasya taiḥ naraiḥ

37. tataḥ teṣām abhivadatām vipulam dhvanim aśrauṣma
baliḥ kila taiḥ naraiḥ tasya devasya upahriyate

37. Then, from those who were speaking, we heard a loud sound: 'Indeed, an offering (bali) is being presented to that deity by those people!'

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from there, therefore)

• अभिवदताम् (abhivadatām) - of those who were speaking (of those speaking, saluting, addressing)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (people from the previous verse) (of them, of those (masculine/neuter genitive plural))

• अश्रौष्म (aśrauṣma) - we heard

• विपुलम् (vipulam) - loud (referring to sound) (great, extensive, large, loud)

• ध्वनिम् (dhvanim) - sound (sound, noise, roar)

• बलिः (baliḥ) - offering (bali) (offering, tribute, tax, sacrifice)

• किल (kila) - indeed (expressing hearsay or emphasis) (indeed, verily, it is said, forsooth)

• उपह्रियते (upahriyate) - is being presented (is being offered, is presented)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (deity) (of him, of that (masculine/neuter genitive singular))

• देवस्य (devasya) - of the deity (of god, of the divine one)

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those (men) (by them, by those (masculine instrumental plural))

• नरैः (naraiḥ) - by those people (by men, by people)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from there, therefore)

(indeclinable)

अभिवदताम् (abhivadatām) - of those who were speaking (of those speaking, saluting, addressing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of abhivadad

abhivadad - speaking to, saluting, addressing

Present Active Participle

From root vad with prefix abhi- + śatṛ suffix.

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with teṣām.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (people from the previous verse) (of them, of those (masculine/neuter genitive plural))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the "mānavāḥ" of the previous verse.

अश्रौष्म (aśrauṣma) - we heard

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, past perfect (Luṅ) of śru

Aorist (Luṅ)

1st person plural, active voice, aorist.

Root: śru (class 5)

विपुलम् (vipulam) - loud (referring to sound) (great, extensive, large, loud)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vipula

vipula - great, extensive, large, abundant, loud

Note: Agrees with dhvanim.

ध्वनिम् (dhvanim) - sound (sound, noise, roar)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhvani

dhvani - sound, noise, voice, tone

From root dhvan (to sound).

Root: dhvan (class 1)

Note: Object of aśrauṣma.

बलिः (baliḥ) - offering (bali) (offering, tribute, tax, sacrifice)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bali

bali - offering, tribute, tax, oblation, present, strength, power

Note: Subject of passive verb upahriyate.

किल (kila) - indeed (expressing hearsay or emphasis) (indeed, verily, it is said, forsooth)

(indeclinable)

उपह्रियते (upahriyate) - is being presented (is being offered, is presented)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (Laṭ) of upa-hṛ

Present Tense

3rd person singular, passive voice, present tense. From root hṛ with prefix upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: hṛ (class 1)

तस्य (tasya) - of that (deity) (of him, of that (masculine/neuter genitive singular))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Refers to devasya.

देवस्य (devasya) - of the deity (of god, of the divine one)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

From root div (to shine).

Root: div (class 4)

Note: To whom the offering is presented.

तैः (taiḥ) - by those (men) (by them, by those (masculine instrumental plural))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to naraiḥ.

नरैः (naraiḥ) - by those people (by men, by people)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Root: nṛ

Note: Agent in the passive construction.