महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-318, verse-7

सुखदुःखानि भूतानामजरो जरयन्नसौ ।
आदित्यो ह्यस्तमभ्येति पुनः पुनरुदेति च ॥७॥

7. sukhaduḥkhāni bhūtānāmajaro jarayannasau ,
ādityo hyastamabhyeti punaḥ punarudeti ca.

7. sukha-duḥkhāni bhūtānām ajaraḥ jarayan asau
ādityaḥ hi astam abhyeti punaḥ punaḥ udeti ca

7. asau ajaraḥ ādityaḥ hi bhūtānām sukha-duḥkhāni
jarayan astam abhyeti punaḥ punaḥ ca udeti

7. That ageless sun, which wears out the joys and sorrows of beings, indeed goes to its setting and rises again and again.

Words meanings summery:

• सुख-दुःखानि (sukha-duḥkhāni) - joys and sorrows, happiness and unhappiness

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures

• अजरः (ajaraḥ) - referring to the sun (ageless, undecaying)

• जरयन् (jarayan) - causing the joys and sorrows to wear out (causing to age, wearing out, consuming)

• असौ (asau) - referring to the sun (that (one))

• आदित्यः (ādityaḥ) - the sun (the sun, son of Aditi)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, for)

• अस्तम् (astam) - to its setting (setting, disappearance, west)

• अभ्येति (abhyeti) - sets (goes towards setting) (goes towards, approaches, sets)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

• उदेति (udeti) - rises (rises, goes up)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

सुख-दुःखानि (sukha-duḥkhāni) - joys and sorrows, happiness and unhappiness

(noun)

neuter, plural of sukha-duḥkha

sukha-duḥkha - joy and sorrow, pleasure and pain, happiness and unhappiness

Compound type : dvandva (sukha+duḥkha)

• sukha – joy, pleasure, happiness, ease
  noun (neuter)
• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering, unhappiness, difficulty
  noun (neuter)

Note: This is a Dvandva compound. The form sukha-duḥkhāni can be nominative or accusative plural neuter.

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past

Past Passive Participle

from root bhū (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

अजरः (ajaraḥ) - referring to the sun (ageless, undecaying)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajara

ajara - ageless, undecaying, not growing old

nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of 'a-' and 'jara' (decay)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jara)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• jara – old age, decay
  noun (masculine)

जरयन् (jarayan) - causing the joys and sorrows to wear out (causing to age, wearing out, consuming)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jarayant

jarayant - causing to age, wearing out, consuming

Present Active Participle

from root jṝ (to wear out, to age) in causative

Root: jṝ (class 9)

Note: Present active participle, used adjectivally.

असौ (asau) - referring to the sun (that (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, yonder

आदित्यः (ādityaḥ) - the sun (the sun, son of Aditi)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āditya

āditya - sun, son of Aditi, a god

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, for)

(indeclinable)

अस्तम् (astam) - to its setting (setting, disappearance, west)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asta

asta - setting, disappearance, home, west

Note: Used adverbially to indicate direction 'to setting'.

अभ्येति (abhyeti) - sets (goes towards setting) (goes towards, approaches, sets)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of abhi-i

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

(indeclinable)

उदेति (udeti) - rises (rises, goes up)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ud-i

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)