महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-318, verse-36

न धनेन न राज्येन नोग्रेण तपसा तथा ।
स्वभावा व्यतिवर्तन्ते ये नियुक्ताः शरीरिषु ॥३६॥

36. na dhanena na rājyena nogreṇa tapasā tathā ,
svabhāvā vyativartante ye niyuktāḥ śarīriṣu.

36. na dhanena na rājyena na ugreṇa tapasā tathā
svabhāvāḥ vyativartante ye niyuktāḥ śarīriṣu

36. ye śarīriṣu niyuktāḥ svabhāvāḥ na dhanena na
rājyena na ugreṇa tapasā tathā vyativartante

36. The intrinsic natures (svabhāva) that are established in embodied beings do not change by wealth, nor by dominion, nor similarly by severe austerity (tapas).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - negation (not, nor)

• धनेन (dhanena) - through the possession of material wealth (by wealth, by riches)

• न (na) - negation (not, nor)

• राज्येन (rājyena) - through political power or governance (by kingship, by dominion, by kingdom)

• न (na) - negation (not, nor)

• उग्रेण (ugreṇa) - by intense or harsh (austerity) (by severe, by fierce, by terrible)

• तपसा (tapasā) - through rigorous self-discipline or ascetic practices (by austerity, by penance, by spiritual discipline)

• तथा (tathā) - in the same way, implying continuation of the negative statement (similarly, thus, so)

• स्वभावाः (svabhāvāḥ) - the fundamental, unchangeable qualities or characteristics of beings (intrinsic natures, inherent qualities)

• व्यतिवर्तन्ते (vyativartante) - they do not depart from their fundamental nature (they deviate, they change, they transgress)

• ये (ye) - referring to 'svabhāvāḥ' (who, which)

• नियुक्ताः (niyuktāḥ) - inherently placed or fixed within (appointed, employed, established)

• शरीरिषु (śarīriṣu) - within the physical bodies or persons of living entities (in embodied beings, in living creatures)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - negation (not, nor)

(indeclinable)

धनेन (dhanena) - through the possession of material wealth (by wealth, by riches)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property, money

From root 'dhā' (to place, hold, give).

Root: dhā (class 3)

न (na) - negation (not, nor)

(indeclinable)

राज्येन (rājyena) - through political power or governance (by kingship, by dominion, by kingdom)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingship, sovereignty, kingdom, dominion

From 'rājan' (king).

न (na) - negation (not, nor)

(indeclinable)

उग्रेण (ugreṇa) - by intense or harsh (austerity) (by severe, by fierce, by terrible)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ugra

ugra - severe, fierce, terrible, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'tapasā'.

तपसा (tapasā) - through rigorous self-discipline or ascetic practices (by austerity, by penance, by spiritual discipline)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat, spiritual discipline (tapas)

From root 'tap' (to heat, suffer).

Root: tap (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - in the same way, implying continuation of the negative statement (similarly, thus, so)

(indeclinable)

स्वभावाः (svabhāvāḥ) - the fundamental, unchangeable qualities or characteristics of beings (intrinsic natures, inherent qualities)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of svabhāva

svabhāva - intrinsic nature, inherent quality, own being (svabhāva)

Compound of 'sva' (own) and 'bhāva' (nature, state of being).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+bhāva)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun
• bhāva – being, state, nature, sentiment
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'bhū' (to be, become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

व्यतिवर्तन्ते (vyativartante) - they do not depart from their fundamental nature (they deviate, they change, they transgress)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of vyativart

Present Indicative, 3rd Person Plural, Middle Voice

Root 'vṛt' with prefixes 'vi' and 'ati'.

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: vṛt (class 1)

ये (ye) - referring to 'svabhāvāḥ' (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with 'svabhāvāḥ'.

नियुक्ताः (niyuktāḥ) - inherently placed or fixed within (appointed, employed, established)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niyukta

niyukta - appointed, employed, fixed, established, joined

Past Passive Participle

From root 'yuj' (to join, connect, employ) with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'svabhāvāḥ'.

शरीरिषु (śarīriṣu) - within the physical bodies or persons of living entities (in embodied beings, in living creatures)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of śarīrin

śarīrin - embodied being, living creature, one possessing a body

From 'śarīra' (body) with suffix '-in'.