महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-318, verse-47

पुत्रदारैर्महान्क्लेशो विद्याम्नाये महाञ्श्रमः ।
किं नु स्याच्छाश्वतं स्थानमल्पक्लेशं महोदयम् ॥४७॥

47. putradārairmahānkleśo vidyāmnāye mahāñśramaḥ ,
kiṁ nu syācchāśvataṁ sthānamalpakleśaṁ mahodayam.

47. putradāraiḥ mahān kleśaḥ vidyāmnāye mahān śramaḥ
kim nu syāt śāśvatam sthānam alpakleśam mahodayam

47. putradāraiḥ mahān kleśaḥ vidyāmnāye mahān śramaḥ
nu kim alpakleśam mahodayam śāśvatam sthānam syāt

47. There is great trouble associated with children and wives, and great effort is required for sacred knowledge and tradition. What, then, could be an eternal state, one with little trouble and great prosperity?

Words meanings summery:

• पुत्रदारैः (putradāraiḥ) - by children and wives

• महान् (mahān) - great, large

• क्लेशः (kleśaḥ) - trouble, affliction, pain

• विद्याम्नाये (vidyāmnāye) - in sacred knowledge and tradition

• महान् (mahān) - great, large

• श्रमः (śramaḥ) - effort, toil, exertion

• किम् (kim) - What then? (what?, why?)

• नु (nu) - indeed, now, then

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, let it be, it would be

• शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal, perpetual

• स्थानम् (sthānam) - state, abode, place, condition

• अल्पक्लेशम् (alpakleśam) - with little trouble, having minor afflictions

• महोदयम् (mahodayam) - with great prosperity/rise, yielding great benefit

Words meanings and morphology

पुत्रदारैः (putradāraiḥ) - by children and wives

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of putradāra

putradāra - children and wives (lit. sons and wives)

Compound type : dvandva (putra+dāra)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• dāra – wife (often plural for singular sense)
  noun (masculine)

महान् (mahān) - great, large

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

present active participle

Derived from root mah ('to grow')

Root: mah (class 1)

क्लेशः (kleśaḥ) - trouble, affliction, pain

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kleśa

kleśa - trouble, affliction, pain, distress

From root kliś ('to suffer')

Root: kliś (class 4)

विद्याम्नाये (vidyāmnāye) - in sacred knowledge and tradition

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vidyāmnāya

vidyāmnāya - sacred knowledge and tradition, Vedic tradition, collection of sacred texts

Compound type : tatpurusha (vidyā+āmnāya)

• vidyā – knowledge, learning, science
  noun (feminine)
  From root vid ('to know')
  Root: vid (class 2)
• āmnāya – tradition, sacred text, collection
  noun (masculine)
  From ā-mna ('to repeat, transmit')
  Prefix: ā
  Root: mnā (class 1)

महान् (mahān) - great, large

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

present active participle

Derived from root mah ('to grow')

Root: mah (class 1)

श्रमः (śramaḥ) - effort, toil, exertion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrama

śrama - effort, toil, exertion, fatigue

From root śram ('to be weary, exert oneself')

Root: śram (class 4)

किम् (kim) - What then? (what?, why?)

(indeclinable)

नु (nu) - indeed, now, then

(indeclinable)

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, let it be, it would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

optative mood

3rd person singular, optative mood, parasmaipada

Root: as (class 2)

शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal, perpetual

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śāśvata

śāśvata - eternal, perpetual, permanent

From śāśvat ('ever-existing')

स्थानम् (sthānam) - state, abode, place, condition

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sthāna

sthāna - place, position, state, abode, condition

From root sthā ('to stand')

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: The subject of syāt.

अल्पक्लेशम् (alpakleśam) - with little trouble, having minor afflictions

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of alpakleśa

alpakleśa - having little trouble, free from great affliction

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (alpa+kleśa)

• alpa – little, small, few
  adjective
• kleśa – trouble, affliction, pain
  noun (masculine)
  From root kliś ('to suffer')
  Root: kliś (class 4)

महोदयम् (mahodayam) - with great prosperity/rise, yielding great benefit

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahodaya

mahodaya - great prosperity, great rise, yielding great benefit

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+udaya)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective
  Root: mah (class 1)
• udaya – rise, prosperity, origin, dawn
  noun (masculine)
  From ud-i ('to rise up')
  Prefix: ud
  Root: i (class 2)