महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-318, verse-45

एतत्ते परमं गुह्यमाख्यातमृषिसत्तम ।
येन देवाः परित्यज्य मर्त्यलोकं दिवं गताः ॥४५॥

45. etatte paramaṁ guhyamākhyātamṛṣisattama ,
yena devāḥ parityajya martyalokaṁ divaṁ gatāḥ.

45. etat te paramam guhyam ākhyātam ṛṣi-sattama
yena devāḥ parityajya martya-lokam divam gatāḥ

45. ṛṣi-sattama,
etat te paramam guhyam ākhyātam,
yena devāḥ martya-lokam parityajya divam gatāḥ.

45. O best among sages, this most supreme secret has been told to you, by which the gods, having abandoned the mortal world, went to heaven.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• ते (te) - to you, your

• परमम् (paramam) - most supreme (supreme, highest, excellent)

• गुह्यम् (guhyam) - secret, hidden

• आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - has been told (told, related, announced)

• ऋषि-सत्तम (ṛṣi-sattama) - O best among sages, O foremost sage

• येन (yena) - by which, by whom

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods

• परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned, having forsaken

• मर्त्य-लोकम् (martya-lokam) - mortal world, human world

• दिवम् (divam) - heaven, sky

• गताः (gatāḥ) - went (gone, reached)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Matches `paramam` and `guhyam`.

ते (te) - to you, your

(pronoun)

singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Enclitic form of `tva` (you).

परमम् (paramam) - most supreme (supreme, highest, excellent)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, highest, supreme, excellent

Note: Matches `etat` and `guhyam`.

गुह्यम् (guhyam) - secret, hidden

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of guhya

guhya - secret, hidden, mysterious

Gerundive/Nomen Agentis

From root guh (to hide)

Root: guh (class 1)

Note: Used as a noun meaning 'a secret'.

आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - has been told (told, related, announced)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākhyāta

ākhyāta - told, spoken, explained

Past Passive Participle

From root khyā with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Implied verb 'is' (asti).

ऋषि-सत्तम (ṛṣi-sattama) - O best among sages, O foremost sage

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi-sattama

ṛṣi-sattama - best among sages

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ṛṣi+sattama)

• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama added to sat (good)

येन (yena) - by which, by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yat

yat - which, what, who

Note: Refers back to `guhyam`.

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity

परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned, having forsaken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root tyaj with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: tyaj (class 1)

मर्त्य-लोकम् (martya-lokam) - mortal world, human world

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of martya-loka

martya-loka - the mortal world, earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (martya+loka)

• martya – mortal, human
  adjective/noun (masculine)
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 1)

दिवम् (divam) - heaven, sky

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of div

div - heaven, sky, day

गताः (gatāḥ) - went (gone, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, arrived, reached

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used here to mean 'they went' (perfective sense).