महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-316, verse-57

ततो निवृत्तो बन्धात्स्वात्कर्मणामुदयादिह ।
परिभ्रमति संसारं चक्रवद्बहुवेदनः ॥५७॥

57. tato nivṛtto bandhātsvātkarmaṇāmudayādiha ,
paribhramati saṁsāraṁ cakravadbahuvedanaḥ.

57. tataḥ nivṛttaḥ bandhāt svāt karmaṇām udayāt
iha paribhramati saṃsāram cakravat bahuvedanaḥ

57. Therefore, having been released from his own bondage (bandha) by the consequences of actions (karma) in this world, he wanders through the cycle of transmigration (saṃsāra) like a wheel, experiencing much suffering.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that, therefore

• निवृत्तः (nivṛttaḥ) - freed or released (from bondage) (ceased, returned, freed, abstained)

• बन्धात् (bandhāt) - from bondage, from ties, from imprisonment

• स्वात् (svāt) - from one's own

• कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions, of deeds

• उदयात् (udayāt) - due to the manifestation or consequence of actions (from rising, from emergence, from consequence)

• इह (iha) - in this present existence (here, in this world)

• परिभ्रमति (paribhramati) - wanders around, revolves, roams

• संसारम् (saṁsāram) - the worldly existence subject to rebirth (saṃsāra) (the cycle of existence, transmigration)

• चक्रवत् (cakravat) - like a wheel, having a wheel

• बहुवेदनः (bahuvedanaḥ) - experiencing much pain, having much suffering

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that, therefore

(indeclinable)

Ablative of tad (that), used as an adverb

निवृत्तः (nivṛttaḥ) - freed or released (from bondage) (ceased, returned, freed, abstained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nivṛtta

nivṛtta - turned back, returned, ceased, freed, withdrawn, abstained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √vṛt 'to turn' with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective to an implied subject.

बन्धात् (bandhāt) - from bondage, from ties, from imprisonment

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bandha

bandha - binding, tie, bondage, imprisonment (bandha)

Derived from √bandh 'to bind'

Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Specifies what one is freed from.

स्वात् (svāt) - from one's own

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own, self, property

Note: Adjective, agreeing with bandhāt.

कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions, of deeds

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual, destiny (karma)

Derived from √kṛ 'to do' + man suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Relates to udayāt.

उदयात् (udayāt) - due to the manifestation or consequence of actions (from rising, from emergence, from consequence)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of udaya

udaya - rising, ascent, emergence, manifestation, result, consequence

Derived from √i 'to go' with prefix ud

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Causal ablative, meaning 'because of the rising/consequences'.

इह (iha) - in this present existence (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place.

परिभ्रमति (paribhramati) - wanders around, revolves, roams

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of paribhram

Present Active

Derived from √bhram 'to wander' with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: bhram (class 1)

संसारम् (saṁsāram) - the worldly existence subject to rebirth (saṃsāra) (the cycle of existence, transmigration)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃsāra

saṁsāra - wandering through, circuit of mundane existence, transmigration, rebirth (saṃsāra)

Derived from √sṛ 'to flow' with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of paribhramati.

चक्रवत् (cakravat) - like a wheel, having a wheel

(indeclinable)

Derived from cakra + vat (similative suffix)

Note: Adverbial comparison.

बहुवेदनः (bahuvedanaḥ) - experiencing much pain, having much suffering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bahuvedana

bahuvedana - having much pain, experiencing much suffering

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+vedana)

• bahu – much, many, abundant
  adjective (masculine)
• vedana – pain, sensation, feeling, knowledge
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from √vid 'to know, to feel'
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject.