महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-316, verse-56

अजस्रमेव मोहार्तो दुःखेषु सुखसंज्ञितः ।
बध्यते मथ्यते चैव कर्मभिर्मन्थवत्सदा ॥५६॥

56. ajasrameva mohārto duḥkheṣu sukhasaṁjñitaḥ ,
badhyate mathyate caiva karmabhirmanthavatsadā.

56. ajasram eva mohārtaḥ duḥkheṣu sukhasaṃjñitaḥ
badhyate mathyate ca eva karmabhiḥ manthavat sadā

56. Afflicted by delusion (moha) and perceiving sufferings as pleasures, one is constantly bound and agitated by actions (karma) forever, just like a churning rod.

Words meanings summery:

• अजस्रम् (ajasram) - constantly, perpetually, unceasingly

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, very, certainly

• मोहार्तः (mohārtaḥ) - afflicted by delusion

• दुःखेषु (duḥkheṣu) - in sufferings, in pains

• सुखसंज्ञितः (sukhasaṁjñitaḥ) - considering as pleasure, named as pleasure, designated as pleasure

• बध्यते (badhyate) - is bound, is tied

• मथ्यते (mathyate) - is churned, is agitated, is harassed

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, very, certainly

• कर्मभिः (karmabhiḥ) - by actions, by deeds

• मन्थवत् (manthavat) - like a churn, like a churning stick

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

Words meanings and morphology

अजस्रम् (ajasram) - constantly, perpetually, unceasingly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, very, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle for emphasis.

मोहार्तः (mohārtaḥ) - afflicted by delusion

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mohārta

mohārta - afflicted by delusion, distressed by infatuation

Compound type : tatpurusha (moha+ārta)

• moha – delusion, infatuation, bewilderment
  noun (masculine)
  Root: muh (class 4)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, pained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root ऋ (ṛ) or ऋच्छ (ṛcch) with prefix आ (ā) or root √ṛ 'to go' + ta suffix
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the implied subject.

दुःखेषु (duḥkheṣu) - in sufferings, in pains

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, misery

सुखसंज्ञितः (sukhasaṁjñitaḥ) - considering as pleasure, named as pleasure, designated as pleasure

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukhasaṃjñita

sukhasaṁjñita - designated as pleasure, deemed pleasure, called pleasure

Compound type : tatpurusha (sukha+saṃjñita)

• sukha – pleasure, happiness, joy, comfort
  noun (neuter)
• saṃjñita – designated, named, called, signified
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √jñā with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to the implied subject, agreeing with mohārtaḥ.

बध्यते (badhyate) - is bound, is tied

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of bandh

Passive Voice

√bandh (9th class), passive form

Root: bandh (class 9)

मथ्यते (mathyate) - is churned, is agitated, is harassed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of math

Passive Voice

√math (1st or 9th class), passive form

Root: math (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, very, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle for emphasis.

कर्मभिः (karmabhiḥ) - by actions, by deeds

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual, destiny (karma)

Derived from √kṛ 'to do' + man suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agent of the passive verbs.

मन्थवत् (manthavat) - like a churn, like a churning stick

(indeclinable)

Derived from mantha + vat (possessive/similative suffix)

Note: The suffix -vat typically forms adjectives, but here functions adverbially as 'like a churn'.

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

(indeclinable)