महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-316, verse-11

नित्यं क्रोधात्तपो रक्षेच्छ्रियं रक्षेत मत्सरात् ।
विद्यां मानावमानाभ्यामात्मानं तु प्रमादतः ॥११॥

11. nityaṁ krodhāttapo rakṣecchriyaṁ rakṣeta matsarāt ,
vidyāṁ mānāvamānābhyāmātmānaṁ tu pramādataḥ.

11. nityam krodhāt tapaḥ rakṣet śriyam rakṣeta matsarāt
vidyām mānāpamānābhyām ātmānam tu pramādataḥ

11. nityam krodhāt tapaḥ rakṣet matsarāt śriyam rakṣeta
mānāpamānābhyām vidyām tu pramādataḥ ātmānam

11. One should always protect one's austerity (tapas) from anger, and prosperity from envy. One should guard knowledge (vidyā) from both honor and dishonor, and the self (ātman) from negligence.

Words meanings summery:

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always (always, constantly, perpetually, eternally)

• क्रोधात् (krodhāt) - from anger (from anger, owing to anger)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, heat, spiritual fervor)

• रक्षेत् (rakṣet) - one should protect (one should protect, one should guard)

• श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity (prosperity, wealth, glory, beauty, well-being)

• रक्षेत (rakṣeta) - one should protect (one should protect, one should guard)

• मत्सरात् (matsarāt) - from envy (from envy, from jealousy, from avarice)

• विद्याम् (vidyām) - knowledge (vidyā) (knowledge, learning, science, true knowledge)

• मानापमानाभ्याम् (mānāpamānābhyām) - from both honor and dishonor (from honor and dishonor, by honor and dishonor)

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self (ātman) (the self, the soul, oneself, the individual soul)

• तु (tu) - and, indeed (marks a slight transition) (but, indeed, moreover, on the other hand)

• प्रमादतः (pramādataḥ) - from negligence (from negligence, through carelessness, due to error)

Words meanings and morphology

नित्यम् (nityam) - always (always, constantly, perpetually, eternally)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial accusative.

क्रोधात् (krodhāt) - from anger (from anger, owing to anger)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, fury, passion

From root krudh (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the source from which 'tapaḥ' must be protected.

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, heat, spiritual fervor)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat, spiritual fervor, self-discipline

From root tap (to heat, to perform austerities).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Object of 'rakṣet'.

रक्षेत् (rakṣet) - one should protect (one should protect, one should guard)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of rakṣ

Optative active

Optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Implies an agent ("one").

श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity (prosperity, wealth, glory, beauty, well-being)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śrī

śrī - prosperity, wealth, glory, beauty, well-being, radiance

Note: Object of 'rakṣeta'.

रक्षेत (rakṣeta) - one should protect (one should protect, one should guard)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of rakṣ

Optative middle

Optative mood, 3rd person singular, middle voice.

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Implies an agent ("one").

मत्सरात् (matsarāt) - from envy (from envy, from jealousy, from avarice)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of matsara

matsara - envy, jealousy, avarice, malice, grudge

Note: Indicates the source from which 'śriyam' must be protected.

विद्याम् (vidyām) - knowledge (vidyā) (knowledge, learning, science, true knowledge)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vidyā

vidyā - knowledge, learning, science, true knowledge, doctrine

From root vid (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Object of implied 'rakṣet'/'rakṣeta'.

मानापमानाभ्याम् (mānāpamānābhyām) - from both honor and dishonor (from honor and dishonor, by honor and dishonor)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, dual of mānāpamāna

mānāpamāna - honor and dishonor, respect and disrespect

Dvandva compound of māna (honor) and apamāna (dishonor).

Compound type : Itaretara Dvandva (māna+apamāna)

• māna – honor, respect, pride, measure
  noun (masculine)
  From root man (to think, believe, measure).
  Root: man (class 4)
• apamāna – dishonor, insult, disrespect
  noun (masculine)
  From māna (honor) with prefix apa (negative/contrary).
  Prefix: apa

Note: Ablative dual, indicating the two sources from which knowledge must be protected.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self (ātman) (the self, the soul, oneself, the individual soul)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual soul, supreme soul, essence

Note: Object of implied 'rakṣet'/'rakṣeta'.

तु (tu) - and, indeed (marks a slight transition) (but, indeed, moreover, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction or emphatic particle.

प्रमादतः (pramādataḥ) - from negligence (from negligence, through carelessness, due to error)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of pramāda

pramāda - negligence, carelessness, error, inadvertence

From root mad (to be intoxicated, negligent) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Ablative meaning derived from suffix -tas.