महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-263, verse-46

भीष्म उवाच ।
ततोऽपश्यत्स कामं च क्रोधं लोभं भयं मदम् ।
निद्रां तन्द्रीं तथालस्यमावृत्य पुरुषान्स्थितान् ॥४६॥

46. bhīṣma uvāca ,
tato'paśyatsa kāmaṁ ca krodhaṁ lobhaṁ bhayaṁ madam ,
nidrāṁ tandrīṁ tathālasyamāvṛtya puruṣānsthitān.

46. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca tataḥ apaśyat saḥ kāmam ca krodham lobham bhayam
madam nidrām tandrīm tathā ālasyam āvṛtya puruṣān sthitān

46. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca tataḥ saḥ kāmam ca krodham lobham bhayam madam
nidrām tandrīm tathā ālasyam āvṛtya sthitān puruṣān apaśyat

46. Bhīṣma said: "Then he saw desire (kāma), anger, greed, fear, and intoxication (mada); and also sleep, lassitude, and laziness, all of which enveloped the people who were present."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - he saw, he beheld

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• कामम् (kāmam) - desire, pleasure

• च (ca) - and, also

• क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger, wrath

• लोभम् (lobham) - greed, covetousness

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear, dread

• मदम् (madam) - intoxication, arrogance, pride

• निद्राम् (nidrām) - sleep, slumber

• तन्द्रीम् (tandrīm) - lassitude, weariness, sloth

• तथा (tathā) - and, also, thus

• आलस्यम् (ālasyam) - laziness, idleness, indolence

• आवृत्य (āvṛtya) - having covered, having enveloped, having surrounded

• पुरुषान् (puruṣān) - persons, men

• स्थितान् (sthitān) - standing, situated, existing, present

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a character in the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, Perfect active, from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - he saw, he beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular, Imperfect active, from root dṛś (to see), with present stem paśya

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कामम् (kāmam) - desire, pleasure

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, love, pleasure, object of desire

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger, wrath

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, rage

Root: krudh (class 4)

लोभम् (lobham) - greed, covetousness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lobha

lobha - greed, covetousness, avarice

Root: lubh (class 4)

भयम् (bhayam) - fear, dread

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, terror

Root: bhī (class 3)

मदम् (madam) - intoxication, arrogance, pride

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mada

mada - intoxication, pride, arrogance, passion

Root: mad (class 4)

निद्राम् (nidrām) - sleep, slumber

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nidrā

nidrā - sleep, slumber

तन्द्रीम् (tandrīm) - lassitude, weariness, sloth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tandrī

tandrī - lassitude, weariness, sloth, languor

तथा (tathā) - and, also, thus

(indeclinable)

आलस्यम् (ālasyam) - laziness, idleness, indolence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ālasya

ālasya - laziness, idleness, indolence

आवृत्य (āvṛtya) - having covered, having enveloped, having surrounded

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Absolutive from root vṛ (to cover) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

पुरुषान् (puruṣān) - persons, men

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa)

स्थितान् (sthitān) - standing, situated, existing, present

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, existing, firm

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle from root sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)