महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-263, verse-12

आशायास्तनयोऽधर्मः क्रोधोऽसूयासुतः स्मृतः ।
पुत्रो लोभो निकृत्यास्तु कृतघ्नो नार्हति प्रजाम् ॥१२॥

12. āśāyāstanayo'dharmaḥ krodho'sūyāsutaḥ smṛtaḥ ,
putro lobho nikṛtyāstu kṛtaghno nārhati prajām.

12. āśāyāḥ tanayaḥ adharmaḥ krodhaḥ asūyā sutaḥ smṛtaḥ
putraḥ lobhaḥ nikṛtyāḥ tu kṛtaghnaḥ na arhati prajām

12. āśāyāḥ adharmaḥ tanayaḥ asūyā sutaḥ krodhaḥ smṛtaḥ
nikṛtyāḥ tu lobhaḥ putraḥ kṛtaghnaḥ prajām na arhati

12. Unrighteousness (adharma) is declared to be the son of desire. Anger is remembered as the son of envy. Greed is the offspring of deceit. An ungrateful person (kṛtaghna) does not deserve children.

Words meanings summery:

• आशायाः (āśāyāḥ) - of desire, of hope

• तनयः (tanayaḥ) - son, offspring

• अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness, injustice, violation of natural law

• क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger, wrath

• असूया (asūyā) - envy, jealousy, malevolence

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - son, offspring

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - remembered, declared, considered

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son, child

• लोभः (lobhaḥ) - greed, covetousness

• निकृत्याः (nikṛtyāḥ) - of deceit, of fraud

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• कृतघ्नः (kṛtaghnaḥ) - ungrateful, unthankful person

• न (na) - not, no

• अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy, is able

• प्रजाम् (prajām) - offspring, progeny, children

Words meanings and morphology

आशायाः (āśāyāḥ) - of desire, of hope

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of āśā

āśā - hope, desire, expectation, direction

Root: aś (class 5)

Note: From āśā, 'hope, desire'.

तनयः (tanayaḥ) - son, offspring

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tanaya

tanaya - son, child, offspring

From tan 'to extend, to procreate'

Root: tan (class 8)

अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness, injustice, violation of natural law

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, violation of natural law (dharma)

Negative particle 'a' + dharma

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ 'to hold, support'
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger, wrath

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, rage

From root krudh 'to be angry'

Root: krudh (class 4)

असूया (asūyā) - envy, jealousy, malevolence

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of asūyā

asūyā - envy, jealousy, malevolence, spite

Root: sūy (class 1)

Note: Used here as a possessive (like genitive), 'son of envy'.

सुतः (sutaḥ) - son, offspring

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child, offspring

Past Passive Participle

From root sū 'to beget, produce'

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Past Passive Participle used as a noun.

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - remembered, declared, considered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recollected, declared, considered

Past Passive Participle

From root smṛ 'to remember'

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `krodhaḥ` and implicitly `adharmaḥ`.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son, child

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child, boy

लोभः (lobhaḥ) - greed, covetousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lobha

lobha - greed, covetousness, avarice

From root lubh 'to desire, to be confused'

Root: lubh (class 4)

निकृत्याः (nikṛtyāḥ) - of deceit, of fraud

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of nikṛti

nikṛti - deceit, fraud, villainy, trickery

From ni + kṛ 'to do'

Prefix: ni

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

कृतघ्नः (kṛtaghnaḥ) - ungrateful, unthankful person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtaghna

kṛtaghna - ungrateful, unthankful, one who destroys gratitude or good deeds

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (kṛta+ghna)

• kṛta – done, made, performed, good deed, favor
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ 'to do'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ghna – killer, destroyer, slayer (suffix)
  adjective (masculine)
  From root han 'to strike, kill'
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: A compound meaning 'destroyer of what is done/kindness'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle.

अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy, is able

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

प्रजाम् (prajām) - offspring, progeny, children

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prajā

prajā - offspring, progeny, children, subjects

From pra + jan 'to be born'

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of `arhati`.