महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-263, verse-10

ततः स्वल्पेन कालेन तुष्टो जलधरस्तदा ।
तस्योपकारे नियतामिमां वाचमुवाच ह ॥१०॥

10. tataḥ svalpena kālena tuṣṭo jaladharastadā ,
tasyopakāre niyatāmimāṁ vācamuvāca ha.

10. tataḥ svalpena kālena tuṣṭaḥ jaladharaḥ tadā
tasya upakāre niyatām imām vācam uvāca ha

10. tataḥ svalpena kālena tuṣṭaḥ jaladharaḥ tadā
tasya upakāre niyatām imām vācam ha uvāca

10. Then, within a short time, the satisfied cloud-god (jaladhara) then spoke these appropriate words in his favor.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• स्वल्पेन (svalpena) - with a short, in a small

• कालेन (kālena) - by time, in time, within time

• तुष्टः (tuṣṭaḥ) - satisfied, pleased, content

• जलधरः (jaladharaḥ) - the cloud-god, a deity or powerful being (cloud, water-bearer, a god associated with water)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

• उपकारे (upakāre) - in his favor (in the help, in the service, in the benefit)

• नियताम् (niyatām) - fixed, restrained, appointed, appropriate

• इमाम् (imām) - this, these

• वाचम् (vācam) - speech, word, voice

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (particle)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

Originally an ablative adverb from 'tad'.

स्वल्पेन (svalpena) - with a short, in a small

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of svalpa

svalpa - very little, small, short, brief

Compound of 'su' (good, very) and 'alpa' (little).

Compound type : karmadhāraya / prādi-samāsa (su+alpa)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• alpa – little, small, few
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'kālena'.

कालेन (kālena) - by time, in time, within time

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, period

तुष्टः (tuṣṭaḥ) - satisfied, pleased, content

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tuṣṭa

tuṣṭa - satisfied, pleased, content, happy

Past Passive Participle

From root tuṣ (to be pleased, satisfied).

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

जलधरः (jaladharaḥ) - the cloud-god, a deity or powerful being (cloud, water-bearer, a god associated with water)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaladhara

jaladhara - cloud, water-bearer, ocean, a mountain, a specific mythical being

Compound of 'jala' (water) and 'dhara' (holding, bearing).

Compound type : tatpurusha (jala+dhara)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• dhara – bearing, holding, supporting
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/suffix
  Derived from root dhṛ (to hold, bear).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Temporal adverb from 'tad'.

तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Brahmin.

उपकारे (upakāre) - in his favor (in the help, in the service, in the benefit)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of upakāra

upakāra - help, assistance, benefit, service, kindness

From prefix upa- and root kṛ (to do).

Prefix: upa

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The sense 'in his favor' is derived from 'tasya upakāre'.

नियताम् (niyatām) - fixed, restrained, appointed, appropriate

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of niyata

niyata - fixed, restrained, disciplined, regular, appointed, appropriate

Past Passive Participle

From root yam (to restrain) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

इमाम् (imām) - this, these

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, these, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

वाचम् (vācam) - speech, word, voice

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice, language, Sarasvati (goddess of speech)

Root vāc (to speak).

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense

Irregular perfect form from root vac, with reduplication.

Root: vac (class 2)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (particle)

(indeclinable)

Particle used for emphasis or as an expletive.