महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-217, verse-53

पूर्वाह्णमपराह्णं च मध्याह्नमपि चापरे ।
मुहूर्तमपि चैवाहुरेकं सन्तमनेकधा ।
तं कालमवजानीहि यस्य सर्वमिदं वशे ॥५३॥

53. pūrvāhṇamaparāhṇaṁ ca madhyāhnamapi cāpare ,
muhūrtamapi caivāhurekaṁ santamanekadhā ,
taṁ kālamavajānīhi yasya sarvamidaṁ vaśe.

53. pūrvāhṇam aparāhṇam ca madhyāhṇam
api ca apare muhūrtam api ca eva
āhuḥ ekam santam anekadhā tam
kālam avajānīhi yasya sarvam idam vaśe

53. apare pūrvāhṇam aparāhṇam ca madhyāhṇam api ca muhūrtam api ca ekam santam anekadhā eva āhuḥ yasya idam sarvam vaśe,
tam kālam avajānīhi

53. Others speak of morning, afternoon, and midday, and even a single moment (muhūrta), as being one (kāla) time existing in many forms. Understand that (kāla) time, under whose control all this exists.

Words meanings summery:

• पूर्वाह्णम् (pūrvāhṇam) - morning, forenoon

• अपराह्णम् (aparāhṇam) - afternoon, evening

• च (ca) - and, also

• मध्याह्णम् (madhyāhṇam) - midday, noon

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपरे (apare) - others

• मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - a moment, a specific division of time (48 minutes)

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

• एकम् (ekam) - one, single

• सन्तम् (santam) - existing, being

• अनेकधा (anekadhā) - in many ways, manifoldly

• तम् (tam) - that

• कालम् (kālam) - time, period, season

• अवजानीहि (avajānīhi) - understand, know, perceive

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, every

• इदम् (idam) - this, this world, these things

• वशे (vaśe) - under control, in power

Words meanings and morphology

पूर्वाह्णम् (pūrvāhṇam) - morning, forenoon

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pūrvāhṇa

pūrvāhṇa - forenoon, morning

Compound type : tatpurusha (pūrva+ahan)

• pūrva – former, prior, eastern
  adjective (masculine)
• ahan – day
  noun (neuter)

Note: Declined as neuter here, though often masculine. Compound of pūrva and ahan.

अपराह्णम् (aparāhṇam) - afternoon, evening

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aparāhṇa

aparāhṇa - afternoon

Compound type : tatpurusha (apara+ahan)

• apara – other, later, western
  adjective (masculine)
• ahan – day
  noun (neuter)

Note: Declined as neuter here, though often masculine. Compound of apara and ahan.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मध्याह्णम् (madhyāhṇam) - midday, noon

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madhyāhṇa

madhyāhṇa - midday, noon

Compound type : tatpurusha (madhya+ahan)

• madhya – middle, central
  adjective (neuter)
• ahan – day
  noun (neuter)

Note: Declined as neuter here, though often masculine. Compound of madhya and ahan.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपरे (apare) - others

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, subsequent, inferior

Note: Declined from 'apara' used as a pronoun for 'others'.

मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - a moment, a specific division of time (48 minutes)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - a moment, instant; a specific division of time (1/30th of a day, 48 minutes)

Note: Sometimes neuter, sometimes masculine.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of āha

perfect tense

Perfect 3rd person plural of root brū/vac with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: brū/vac (class 2)

Note: Often used with present meaning.

एकम् (ekam) - one, single

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone; the same

Note: Agrees with 'santam'.

सन्तम् (santam) - existing, being

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, real

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: From the root 'as' (to be).

अनेकधा (anekadhā) - in many ways, manifoldly

(indeclinable)

suffix -dhā indicating 'in this manner' or 'times'

Compound type : bahuvrihi (an+eka)

• an – not, non-
  prefix
• eka – one, single
  numeral (masculine)

Note: Formed with suffix -dhā from 'aneka' (not one, many).

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'kālam'.

कालम् (kālam) - time, period, season

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season; death

अवजानीहि (avajānīhi) - understand, know, perceive

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of avajñā

imperative

Imperative 2nd person singular from root jñā with prefix ava

Prefix: ava

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Root jñā is class 9, takes śnā.

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Agrees with 'kālam' (implied or refers to 'time').

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every, entire

Note: Agrees with 'idam'.

इदम् (idam) - this, this world, these things

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

वशे (vaśe) - under control, in power

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - will, power, control, subjection

Note: Means 'under control of'.