महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-217, verse-18

महाविद्योऽल्पविद्यश्च बलवान्दुर्बलश्च यः ।
दर्शनीयो विरूपश्च सुभगो दुर्भगश्च यः ॥१८॥

18. mahāvidyo'lpavidyaśca balavāndurbalaśca yaḥ ,
darśanīyo virūpaśca subhago durbhagaśca yaḥ.

18. mahāvidyaḥ alpavidyaḥ ca balavān durbalaḥ ca yaḥ
darśanīyaḥ virūpaḥ ca subhagaḥ durbhagaḥ ca yaḥ

18. yaḥ mahāvidyaḥ ca alpavidyaḥ ca yaḥ balavān ca durbalaḥ ca
yaḥ darśanīyaḥ ca virūpaḥ ca yaḥ subhagaḥ ca durbhagaḥ ca

18. He who is greatly learned and he who is little learned; he who is strong and he who is weak; he who is handsome and he who is ugly; he who is fortunate and he who is unfortunate (is all subject to Time).

Words meanings summery:

• महाविद्यः (mahāvidyaḥ) - greatly learned, very wise

• अल्पविद्यः (alpavidyaḥ) - little learned, unlearned

• च (ca) - and, also

• बलवान् (balavān) - strong, powerful

• दुर्बलः (durbalaḥ) - weak, feeble

• च (ca) - and, also

• यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

• दर्शनीयः (darśanīyaḥ) - handsome, beautiful, worth seeing

• विरूपः (virūpaḥ) - ugly, deformed, ill-formed

• च (ca) - and, also

• सुभगः (subhagaḥ) - fortunate, lucky, beloved

• दुर्भगः (durbhagaḥ) - unfortunate, unlucky, disliked

• च (ca) - and, also

• यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

Words meanings and morphology

महाविद्यः (mahāvidyaḥ) - greatly learned, very wise

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāvidya

mahāvidya - greatly learned, very wise

compound

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+vidya)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• vidya – knowing, learned, to be known
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

अल्पविद्यः (alpavidyaḥ) - little learned, unlearned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alpavidya

alpavidya - little learned, unlearned

compound

Compound type : karmadhāraya (alpa+vidya)

• alpa – small, little
  adjective
• vidya – knowing, learned, to be known
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

बलवान् (balavān) - strong, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - strong, powerful

possessive suffix matup with bala (strength)

दुर्बलः (durbalaḥ) - weak, feeble

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durbala

durbala - weak, feeble

compound

Compound type : avyayībhāva (dus+bala)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  prefix
• bala – strength, power, might
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bal (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

दर्शनीयः (darśanīyaḥ) - handsome, beautiful, worth seeing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of darśanīya

darśanīya - handsome, beautiful, worth seeing

Gerundive

from root dṛś (to see) with suffix -anīya

Root: dṛś (class 1)

विरूपः (virūpaḥ) - ugly, deformed, ill-formed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virūpa

virūpa - ugly, deformed, ill-formed

compound

Compound type : avyayībhāva (vi+rūpa)

• vi – apart, away, prefix for separation/negation
  indeclinable
  prefix
• rūpa – form, shape, beauty
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सुभगः (subhagaḥ) - fortunate, lucky, beloved

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of subhaga

subhaga - fortunate, lucky, beloved

compound

Compound type : avyayībhāṣa (su+bhaga)

• su – good, well, easy
  indeclinable
  prefix
• bhaga – fortune, good luck, wealth
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

दुर्भगः (durbhagaḥ) - unfortunate, unlucky, disliked

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durbhaga

durbhaga - unfortunate, unlucky, disliked

compound

Compound type : avyayībhāṣa (dus+bhaga)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  prefix
• bhaga – fortune, good luck, wealth
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what