महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-217, verse-12

ततस्तु ये निवर्तन्ते जायन्ते वा पुनः पुनः ।
कृपणाः परितप्यन्ते तेऽनर्थैः परिचोदिताः ॥१२॥

12. tatastu ye nivartante jāyante vā punaḥ punaḥ ,
kṛpaṇāḥ paritapyante te'narthaiḥ paricoditāḥ.

12. tataḥ tu ye nivartante jāyante vā punaḥ punaḥ
kṛpaṇāḥ paritapyante te anarthaiḥ paricoditāḥ

12. tataḥ tu ye nivartante vā punaḥ punaḥ jāyante
te kṛpaṇāḥ anarthaiḥ paricoditāḥ paritapyante

12. But those who turn away from that state, or who are born again and again (saṃsāra), are wretched and tormented by misfortunes, driven by them.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - from that, then, thereafter, hence

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• ये (ye) - those who, which (masc. nom. pl.)

• निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - they turn back, they cease, they return

• जायन्ते (jāyante) - they are born, they come into being

• वा (vā) - or, either

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, further

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, further

• कृपणाः (kṛpaṇāḥ) - wretched, miserable, pitiable

• परितप्यन्ते (paritapyante) - they are tormented, they suffer greatly, they are afflicted

• ते (te) - they, those (masc. nom. pl.)

• अनर्थैः (anarthaiḥ) - by misfortunes, by evils, by troubles

• परिचोदिताः (paricoditāḥ) - impelled, urged, tormented, instigated

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - from that, then, thereafter, hence

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

ये (ye) - those who, which (masc. nom. pl.)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - they turn back, they cease, they return

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present indicative (lat) of nivart

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

जायन्ते (jāyante) - they are born, they come into being

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present indicative (lat) of jan

Root: jan (class 4)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, further

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, further

(indeclinable)

कृपणाः (kṛpaṇāḥ) - wretched, miserable, pitiable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛpaṇa

kṛpaṇa - wretched, miserable, poor, stingy, pitiable

From root kṛp, to lament

Root: kṛp (class 1)

परितप्यन्ते (paritapyante) - they are tormented, they suffer greatly, they are afflicted

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present indicative (lat) of paritap

Prefix: pari

Root: tap (class 1)

ते (te) - they, those (masc. nom. pl.)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अनर्थैः (anarthaiḥ) - by misfortunes, by evils, by troubles

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anartha

anartha - misfortune, evil, trouble, uselessness, calamity

Compound type : nanj-tatpurusha (a+artha)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object, advantage
  noun (masculine)

परिचोदिताः (paricoditāḥ) - impelled, urged, tormented, instigated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paricodita

paricodita - impelled, urged, stimulated, incited, driven

Past Passive Participle

From root cud, to impel, with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: cud (class 10)